356
LECTURES ON MODERN HISTORY
Philip II.—
Annexes Portugal, 58, 145, 166; policy, 129; inquisition in the Netherlands, 144-5; preparation for the Armada, 153; refuses Elizabeth's terms, 154; and the League, 165-6; death of, 170
Philip IV.—
Infanta married to Lewis XIV., 235; will regulating succession, 238, 249, 250, 251
Philip V.—
Acknowledged by England, 255; position during the war, 259-60; results of the Succession War, 262; desire to regain Gibraltar, 273
Philip, the Landgrave, and Luther, 105
Philippines, annexation to Spain, 66
Philippson, cited, 161
Piccolomini, made field-marshal, 192
Piccolomini, Æneas Sylvius. See Pius II., Pope
Piedmont, social question, 303
Pilsen, Wallenstein at, 192, 193
Pirkheimer, death of, 105
Pisa, Council at, 46
Pitt (the Elder). See Chatham, Earl of
Pitt, William, Napoleon's Spanish check predicted by, 23
Pius II., Pope (Æneas Sylvius Piccolomini), 77; attitude towards the Renaissance, 79; History, 80
Pius IV., Pope, closes Council of Trent, 122
Pius V., Counter-Reformation under, 122; and the Regent Catharine, 157
Pizarro, Francisco, conquests of, 69-70
Platina, History of the Popes, 80
Plato, 75, 76, 80
Plutarch, Pericles, 16
Plymouth, Duke of, death of, 215
Pocock, 15
Poggio, 80
Poland—
Jesuits in, 115; Socinian Church in, 123; Counter-Reformation in, 124; Henry of Anjou elected king, 161; religious toleration in, 182; peace with Gustavus of Sweden, 188; aid for Austria, 243; overrun by Charles XII., 281; aristocracy and right of veto, 301; partition of, 279, 301-2
Pole, Cardinal, 72—
Paul III. and, 109; and Justification, 110; at Council of Trent, 118-19; and the English heretics, 119; and Machiavelli, 142
Politian, 80
Politics—
Relation to History, 2-3, 9-10; of the Renaissance, 80-81; ethics and, 173
Politiques, the, 172; origin, 163-4; principles, 171
Polo, Marco, 53
Polygamy, preached by Luther, 105
Pomerania, alliance with Gustavus, 188
Pompadour, Mme. de, 293
Pomponne, Minister to Lewis XIV., 241-2
Poniatowski, Stanislas, 301
Port Mahon, conquest of, 262
Port Royal, suppression of, 115
Portocarrero, Cardinal, and will of Charles II., 252
Portugal—
Expansive policy, 37, 52-70; early trade with India, 56, 58; annexed to Spain, 58, 145, 166; Inquisition in, 59, 121; treatment of pagans, 59; Brazil obtained, 64; treaty of Tordesillas, 64
Pragmatic Sanction, the, 291
Prague—
Window outrage at, 183-4, 198; army of the League at, 185; Lutheran peace at, 193; victory of Frederic II. at, 296
Presbyterians—
And the Civil war, 203; under the Restoration, 204, 209; excluded from the Long Parliament, 207
Press, liberty of the, 219, 276
Preston, Scots surrender at, 269
Pride, Colonel, 204
Prierias, Silvester, defence of Indulgences, 92-3
Printing, inveution of, 83
Prisons, reformation of, 303
Privileged altars, 91
Privy Council, the, 264
Procopovitch, religious changes made by, 284
Protection, 230
Protestantism. (See also Calvinism and Lutheranism)—
Origin of name, 106; Jesuits fight against, 115; Council of Trent and, 118-19; disappearance from Italy, 122-3; the League, 126; strength in France, 156, 172; suppression in Bohemia, 185; and the Edict of Restitution, 187-8; results of the Thirty Years' War on, 193-4; suppressed in France, 221, 223; effect of the Revocation on, 247
Prussia. (See also Frederic the Great)—
Rise of, 285-9; first king of, 287; under Frederic William I, 288-9
