172 MedicEval Military Architecture in England. now or in tyme to cum. In witnes hereof, ye haf gert our sele to ther letteris be affixt at Inuernys, the achtend day of Februar, the yer of Godd a thousand four hundreth sixte yer." Mr. Innis points out that one of James's first acts on re- turning from his EngHsh captivity was to order the owners of all castles and manor-places to make them habitable and to live in them ; and he adds that it is remarkable " How many Scotch castles date from the half century following the above enactment, and all of one design — a stern, square keep, rudely kernellated, and surmounted with a cap - house, partially surrounded by a barbican or barmkin, affording protection to the inhabitants and their cattle from the hurried inroads of rough-handed neighbours."
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