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472 NEW BOOKS. followed, in the remainder of the volume, by a criticism (often forcible) which gives the opportunity of pointing the assertion of the author's own opinions both where Hobbes, in the boldness of his thought, makes approach to them in the 17th century and where he hangs back under the influence of his theistic conceptions. The author is content to follow the Amsterdam (1668) collected edition of the Latin works and does not pretend to throw new light on the philosopher : also, the page of biographical Introduction might have been more exact. Einleitende BemerJcungen zu einer Untersuchung iiber den Wert der Natur- philosophie des Epicur. Von Dr. P. v. GIJSYCKI. (Wissenschaftliche Beilage zmn Prograinm des stadtischen Progymnasiums zu Berlin.) Berlin : Gaertner, 1884. Pp. 26. " The author seeks to show, by reference to Hegel, Bitter and Zeller, with what animosity the philosophy of Epicurus has been judged even to the present day, and urges the necessity of leaving aside all considerations of praise or blame in the exposition of philosophical systems. If there is to be express critical appreciation, it should be kept strictly apart from the exposition ; but the best way of judging of the worth of any doctrine is to give an objective account of its development and influence." Powstanie i Roswdj Pesymizmu w Indyach. [Origin and Development of Pessimism in India.] By M. STRASZEWSKI, Professor of Philosophy in the University of Cracow. Cracow : Anczyca i Spolki, 1884. Pp. 101. The author is engaged upon an extensive work dealing with the History of Philosophy in general and hopes soon to publish his first volume, devoted specially to Oriental Philosophy. Being appointed to represent his university at the recent tercentenary celebration of the founding of the University of Edinburgh, he brings the present extract from his coming volume as a complimentary offering to the Edinburgh academic authorities. The natural and social, more particularly the psychological, conditions that led to the development of Indian Pessimism, in Brahmanistic as well as Buddhistic form, are set forth at length in the light of the latest researches, and the analogies with the case of modern German Pessimism are expressly traced. Prof. Straszewski is a man of great philosophical enthusiasm and specially fitted by the breadth of his interests and acquirements to bring his Polish countrymen into contact with the general European movement of thought. Other BOOKS, &c., received : M. Guthrie, On Mr. Spencer's Data of Ethics, London : The Modern Press, pp. 122. [See MIND XXXIII., 162.] A Disciple of Buckle, The New Atlantis: or Ideals Old and New, London : Williams & Norgate, pp. 208. A. Tebaldi, Ragione e Pazzia, Milaiio : Hoepli, pp. 220. G. Cesca, Storia e Dottrina del Criticismo, Verona e Padova : Drucker e Tedeschi, pp. 260. A. Mnhry, Kritik u. Jcurze Darlegung der exacten Naturphilosophie, 5te Auflage (1882), Gottingen : Vandenhoeck u. Ruprecht, pp. 287. W. Preyer, Specielle Physiologic des Embryo, 2te Lief., Leipzig : Grieben, pp. 161-320 (mit Tafeln).