TURPENTINE: METHOD 1551, Issue 2, dated 15 August 1994 - Page 2 of 3 REAGENTS: 1.
2. 3. 4. 5.
EQUIPMENT:
Eluent: Carbon disulfide*, chromatographic quality, containing 0.8% v/v undecane, 0.1% v/v octane or other suitable internal standard. Turpentine, bulk sample. Nitrogen or helium, purified. Hydrogen, prepurified. Air, filtered.
See SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS.
1. Sampler: glass tube, 7 cm long, 6-mm OD, 4-mm ID, flame-sealed ends, containing two sections of activated (600 °C) coconut shell charcoal (front = 100 mg; back = 50 mg) separated by a 2-mm urethane foam plug. A silylated glass wool plug precedes the front section and a 3-mm urethane foam plug follows the back section. Pressure drop across the tube at 1 L/min airflow must be less than 3.4 kPa. Tubes are commercially available. (SKC ST226-01, Supelco ORBO32, or equivalent). 2. Personal sampling pump, 0.01 to 0.2 L/min, with flexible connecting tubing. 3. Gas chromatograph, FID, integrator and column (page 1551-1). 4. Vials, glass, 2-mL, PTFE-lined crimp caps. 5. Syringe, 10-µL, readable to 0.1 µL. 6. Volumetric flasks, 10-mL. 7. Pipet, volumetric, 1.0-mL, with pipet bulb.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS: Carbon disulfide is toxic and an acute fire and explosion hazard (flash point = -30 °C); work with it only in a hood. SAMPLING: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Calibrate each personal sampling pump with a representative sampler in line. Break the ends of the sampler immediately before sampling. Attach sampler to personal sampling pump with flexible tubing. Sample at an accurately known flow rate between 0.01 and 0.2 L/min for a total sample size of 1 to 10 L. Cap the samplers with plastic (not rubber) caps and pack securely for shipment.
SAMPLE PREPARATION: 5.
6. 7.
Place the front and back sorbent sections of the sampler tube in separate vials. Discard the glass wool and foam plugs. NOTE: Retain the glass wool plug if an estimate of aerosol is needed. Add 1.0 mL eluent to each vial. Attach crimp cap to each vial. Allow to stand 30 min with occasional agitation.
CALIBRATION AND QUALITY CONTROL: 8.
9.
Calibrate daily with at least six working standards over the range 0.1 to 20 mg turpentine per sample. a. Add known amounts of the turpentine bulk sample to eluent in 10-mL volumetric flasks and dilute to the mark. b. Analyze together with samples and blanks (steps 11 and 12). c. Prepare calibration graph (ratio of sum of peak areas of turpentine to peak area of internal standard). Determine desorption efficiency (DE) at least once for each lot of charcoal used for sampling in the calibration range (step 8). Prepare three tubes at each of five levels plus three media blanks. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94
