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LEAD by Flame AAS: Method 7082, Issue 2, dated 15 August 1994 - Page 4 of 7 Species Pb metal Pb metal PbO PbS PbO2 PbO2 Pb in paint* Pb in paint*

Digestion Method HNO3 only HNO3 + H2O2 HNO3 only HNO3 only HNO3 only HNO3 + H2O2 HNO3 only HNO3 + H2O2

Analytical Recovery, % 92 ± 4 103 ± 3 93 ± 4 93 ± 5 82 ± 3 100 ± 1 95 ± 6 95 ± 6

  • Standard Reference Material #1579, U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Additional collection efficiency studies were also done using Gelman GN-4 filters for the collection of Pb fume, which had geometric mean diameter of 0.1 µm [2]. Mean collection efficiency for 24 sampling runs at flow rates between 0.15 and 4.0 L/min was> 97 ± 2%. Overall precision, rT, was 0.072 for lead nitrate aerosol [1,9] and 0.068 for Pb fume [2,4].

REFERENCES: [1] [2]

[3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

[12]

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Documentation of the NIOSH Validation Tests, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 77-185 (1977). Heavy Metal Aerosols: Collection and Dissolution Efficiencies, Final Report of NIOSH Contract 210-79-0058, W. F. Gutknecht, M. H. Ranade, P. M. Grohse, A. Damle, and D. O'Neal, Research Triangle Institute; available as Order No. PB 83-106740 from NTIS, Springfield, VA 22161 (1981). NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd ed., V. 5, P&CAM 173, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 77-157-A (1979). NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd ed., V. 7, S341 (revised 3/25/81), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Publ. (NIOSH) 82-100 (1982). NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd. ed., V. 1, P&CAM 102, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 77-157-A (1977). Criteria for a Recommended Standard...Occupational Exposure to Inorganic Lead (Revised Criteria), U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 78-158 (1978). NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd ed., P&CAM 191. Analytical Methods for Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Perkin-Elmer (1976). NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd ed., V. 3, S341, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ. (NIOSH) 77-157-C (1977). DataChem Laboratories in-house procedure for microwave sample digestion. Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods, 3rd Ed; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, SW-846 (1986). Kingston, H.M. and L.B. Jassie, "Safety Guidelines for Microwave Systems in the Analytical Laboratory." Introduction to Microwave Acid Decomposition: Theory and Practice; Kingston, H.M. and Jassie, L.B., Eds.; ACS Professional Reference Book Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, (1988). 1985 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 11.01; "Standard Specification for Reagent Water; ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, D1193 – 77 (1985). Introduction to Microwave Sample Preparation: Theory and Practice; Kingston, H.M. and Jassie, L.B., Eds.; ACS Professional Reference Book Series; American Chemical Society: Washington DC (1988). Kingston, H.M. EPA IAG #DW1-393254-01-0 January 1 – March 31, 1988, Quarterly Report. Binstock, D.A., Yeager, W.M., Grohse, P.M. and Gaskill, A. Validation of a Method for Determining Elements in Solid Waste by Microwave Digestion, Research Triangle Institute Technical Report Draft, RTI Project Number 321U-3579-24, prepared for the Office of Solid Waste, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460 (November, 1989).

METHOD REVISED BY: NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition