LEAD by ULTRASONIC EXTRACTION/ASV: METHOD 7701, Issue 2, dated 15 March 2003 - Page 4 of 4 EVALUATION OF METHOD: This method was evaluated with lead aerosol samples generated in the laboratory (40 to 80 :g Pb per filter) [3], and with air particulate samples collected from workplaces where abrasive blasting of leaded paint on highway bridges was being conducted [4]. For the latter, lead loadings cover the range from below the detection limit of 0.09 :g Pb per filter to loadings in excess of 1500 :g Pb per filter [4 ]. The method also has been evaluated with performance evaluation materials and by interlaboratory testing [35]. Lead recoveries from Certified Reference Materials (CRM s) were found to be quantitative ($90%) and equivalent to recoveries obtained using confirmatory analytical methods (NIOSH 7082, 7105, and 7300 [11]).
REFERENCES: [1] Wang J [1985]. Stripping analysis. New York: VCH Publishers. [2] Wang J [1996]. Electrochemical preconcentration . In: Kissinger PT , Heinem an W R, Ed s. Laboratory Techniques in Electroanalytical Chemistry. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker. [3] Ashley K [1995]. Ultrasonic extraction and field-portable anodic stripping voltammetry of lead from environmental samples. Electroanalysis 7: 1189-1192. [4] Ashley K, Mapp KJ, Millson M [1998]. Ultrasonic extraction and field-portable anodic stripping voltammetry for the determination of lead in workplace air samples. AIHAJ 59:671-679. [5] Ashley K, Song R, Esche CA, Schlecht PC, Baron PC, Wise TJ [1999].Ultrasonic extraction and portable anodic stripping voltammetric measurement of lead in paint, dust wipes, soil, and air: An interlaboratory evaluation. J. Environ. M onit. 1:459-464. [6] Sussell A, Ashley K [2002]. Field measurement of lead in workplace air and paint chip samples by ultrasonic extraction and portable anodic stripping . J. Environ. Monit. 4:156-161. [7] Ashley K [1994 ]. Electroanalytical applications in occupational and environmental health. Electroanalysis 6:805-820. [8] Ashley K, W ise TJ, Mercado W , Parry DB [2001]. Ultrasonic extraction and portable anodic stripping voltam m etric m eas urem ent of lead in dus t wipe s am ples. J. Ha zard. M ater. 83:41-50. [9] ASTM [2003]. Standard Nos. E1613, E1741, E1775, E1979, E2051. In: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.11. W . Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials. [10] ASTM [2003]. Standard No. D1193: Specification for reagent water. In: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 11.01. W . Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials. [11] NIOSH [1994]. Lead: Method 7082, Lead by GFAAS: Method 7105, Elements: Method 7300. In: Eller PM, Cassinelli M E, E ds. NIOSH Manual of A nalytica l Meth ods (NMAM ). 4th ed. C incinnati, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
METHOD REVISED BY: Kevin Ashley, Ph.D., NIOSH/DART.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition
