LEAD in blood and urine
Pb
MW: 207.19
CAS:
METHOD: 8003, Issue 2
7439-92-1
8003
RTECS:
OF7525000
EVALUATION: FULL
BIOLOGICAL INDICATOR OF:
Issue 1: 15 February 1984 Issue 2: 15 August 1994
exposure to lead and lead compounds.
SYNONYMS: none.
BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING
MEASUREMENT
SPECIMEN:
whole blood; urine, end of shift
TECHNIQUE:
ATOMIC ABSORPTION, FLAME
CONTAINER:
10-mL lead-free tubes (blood); 125mL polyethylene bottles (urine)
ANALYTE:
Pb(II)-APDC complex
EXTRACTION:
APDC-MIBK
ANICOAGULANT:
(blood) heparin CALIBRATION:
PRESERVATIVE:
(urine) 0.2 mL conc. HNO 3
methyl isobutyl ketone solutions of Pb(II)-APDC complex
SHIPMENT:
polyethylene shippers
QUALITY CONTROL:
commercial controls; pooled urine or blood; urine corrected for creatinine
blood stable 3 days @ 4 C; indefinitely if sonicated and frozen in plastic tubes; urine stable indefinitely if kept acidified with HNO 3
RANGE:
5 to 150 µg/100 g blood; 5 to 150 µg/100 mL urine
ESTIMATED LOD:
0.05 µg Pb/g blood or mL urine [1]
commercial urine and blood lead control samples plus pooled urine and blood from non-exposed populations
RECOVERY:
0.99
PRECISION (Sr):
0.05 [1]
ACCURACY:
± 10.8%
SAMPLE STABILITY:
CONTROLS:
APPLICABILITY: This procedure quantitates Pb 2+ in blood or urine to assess body burden, injury to the hematopoietic system, and to comply with Federal Regulations. Blood lead is the preferred biological indicator of lead absorption. The optimum working range is 0.1 to 1.5 µg. Pb per g blood or per mL urine [2].
INTERFERENCES: Phosphate, EDTA, and oxalate can sequester lead and cause low lead readings.
OTHER METHODS: This method combines and replaces P&CAM 208 [1] and 262 [3]. Methods P&CAM 102 (dithizone), 195 (ASV), 200 (ASV) and 214 (graphite furnace AAS) [4] have not been revised. Anodic stripping voltametry (ASV) is an alter native procedure if specialized equipment is available [5].
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM), Fourth Edition, 8/15/94
