Teshu Lumbo was visited by Bogle and Turner, and is fully described by the former envoy, in the following pages.
Between Janglaché and Shigatzé two rivers fall into the Tsanpu on the south bank, called the Shakiadong-chu_ and the Shidbgi-chu. At a distance of 30 miles up the valley of the former river, 13,860 feet above the sea, on one of the slopes of the Central Chain, is the great monastery of Sakia-jong (Sankia of D’Anville), the headquarters of the Red Cap sect of Buddhists. It is 30 miles from Jangiaché, and 48 from Shigatzé. In the lower part of the Shakiadong-chu there are many villages, with cornfields, and a considerable town nestles at the foot of the “Red Cap” monastery.
Near Shigatzé two rivers, one from the north and the other from the south, enter the Brahmaputra. They have been traced from their sources, so that here we first get a knowledge of the whole width of the valley, from the Southern and Central to the Northern Chain of the Himalaya. The southern river is the Penanang-chu or Painam.[1] It rises from two lakes, discovered by Mr. Bogle, at the foot of the Chumalhari Peak, on the Southern Range, forces its way through a gorge in the Central Range,[2] whore there are hot springs,[3] waters the fertile valleys of Giansu[4] (Giangze-jong) and Painam (Pena-jong), and falls into the Brahmaputra near Shigatzé. This river was first followed by Bogle along its whole course in 1774, then by Captain Turner in 1782, and as far as Giansu by Manning in 1811.
The river flowing from the north is the Shiang-chu. It rises near the Khalamba-la. pass, over the Northern Range, which is 17,200 feet above the level of the sea, and after a lateral course in the mountains of about 30 miles, it flows south-
- ↑ Monctchou of D’Anville.
- ↑ In crossing the Central Range, Bogle describes the route as “passing through valleys bounded by bleak and barren hills, through whose openings we saw distant mountains covered with snow” (p. 74). Turner says: “The river has a considerable fall, and hurried with violence over a rocky bed. High rocks, perpendicular and bare, and vast impending crags” (p. 221).
- ↑ See p. 182; and Turner, p. 220.
- ↑ Tchiantse of D’Anville; and Gialdze-dzoung of Klaproth.
