the Orange, the pulp originates from the numerous papillæ which, at the time of flowering, cover more or less the walls of the cells of the ovary. These elongate without branching, and entirely fill the cavity of the loculaments. At maturity, the cellular tissue of which they are composed is filled with yellow juice.
In the species of Cactaceæ with pulpy fruits, the pulp is an appendage of the seed, or rather an arillus, or false testa, derived from the funiculus. Many Aroideæ have a pulp consisting of isolated, soft, confervoid cellular filaments originating on the placenta, the funiculus, and around the base of the ovules.
Carriere, M.—Considerations générales sur l'especè.—Rev. Hort., 1860, pp. 383–8, 416–9. (Instances of variation in ornamental trees and shrubs, and in forest trees), p. 443–6. (Instances of variation, and the formation of races in animals).
Sur quelques Variétés de Yucca. Rev. Hort., 1860, pp. 358–64. Descriptions of six cultivated varieties of Yucca gloriosa.
Sur la Transformation des végétaux. Refutation de la Transformation spécifique des végétaux par l'effet des milieux dans lesquels ils croissent.—Rev. Hort., 1860, p. 65–71. Relates to Mr. Buckman's experiments on Glyceria fluitans and Poa aquatica, and to the supposed transformation of Ægilops into Triticum. No new facts are recorded.
Cesati, J. and T. de Notaris.—Index Seminum Hort. Reg. Bot. Genuensis, 1858.—Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. iv., tom. xii., p. 381.
Chatin, Ad.—Note sur un cas Teratologique offert par l'Henophyton deserti.—Bull. Soc. Bot. de France, tom. vii., pp. 10, 11. In this monstrosity the ovaries were developed into a kind of gall, owing to insect-puncture.
Crepin, Fr.—Manuel de la Flore de Belgique. Bruxelles, 1860. 8vo. pp. 236.
The descriptive portion of this "Flora" is preceded by chapters on Herbaria and Herborisations, the Geographical Botany of Belgium, the "Vegetable Species," and a Glossary of terms. The author bases the four botanical regions of Belgium upon the principal geological divisions of the country. The geological and physical features of these regions are described, and lists given of their characteristic species. Analytical tables of the orders, genera, and species are also furnished. The descriptions are in French.
Crüger, Hermann.—Outlines of the Flora of Trinidad.—Appendix L. to "Report on the Geology of Trinidad." By G. P. Wall and J. G. Sawkins. London, 1860. 8vo. pp. 178–95. Embracing a sketch of the vegetation of the forests, mountains, savannas, &c., and of the generally prevailing physiognomic forms. In reference to the botany of the celebrated Pitch Lake, near San Fernando, with an area of 99 acres, H. Crüger states, a Chara and some Confervæ to grow in the water, filling the crevices which intersect the surface of the pitch. About
