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index to the principia.
Mars, its periodic time, 388
its distance from the sun, 389
the motion of its aphelion, 405
Matter, its quantity of matter defined, 73
its vis insita defined, 74
its impressed force defined, 74
its extension, hardness, impenetrability, mobility, vis inertiæ, gravity, how discovered, 385
subtle matter of Descartes inquired into, 320
Mechanical Powers explained and demonstrated, 94
Mercury, its periodic time, 388
its distance from the sun, 389
the motion of its aphelion, 405
Method of first and last ratios, 95
of transforming figures into others of the same analytical order, 141
of fluxions, 261
differential, 447
of finding the quadratures of all curves very nearly true, 448
of converging series applied to the solution of difficult problems, 271, 436
Moon, the inclination of its orbit to the ecliptic greatest in the syzygies of the node with the sun, and least in the quadratures, 208
the figure of its body collected by calculation, 454
its librations explained, 405
its mean apparent diameter, 453
its true diameter, 453
weight of bodies on its surface, 453
its density, 453
its quantity of matter, 453
its mean distance from the earth, how many greatest semi-diameters of the earth contained therein, 453
how many mean semi-diameters, 454
its force to move the sea how great, 449
not perceptible in experiments of pendulums, or any statical or hydrostatical observations, 452
its periodic time, 454
the time of its synodical revolution, 422
its motions, and the inequalities of the same derived from their causes, 413, 144
revolves more slowly, in a dilated orbit, when the earth is in its perihelion; and more swiftly in the aphelion the same, its orbit being contracted, 413, 444, 445
revolves more slowly, in a dilated orbit, when the apogæon is in the syzygies with the sun; and more swiftly, in a contracted orbit, when the apogæon is in the quadratures, 445
revolves more slowly, in a dilated orbit, when the node is in the syzygies with the sun; and more swiftly, in a contracted orbit, when the node is in the quadratures, 446
moves slower in its quadratures with the sun, swifter in the syzygies; and by a radius drawn to the earth describes an area, in the first case less in proportion to the time, in the last case greater, 413
the inequality of those areas computed, 420
its orbit is more curve, and goes farther from the earth in the first case; in the last case its orbit is less curve, and comes nearer to the earth, 415
the figure of this orbit, and the proportion of its diameters collected by computation, 423
a method of finding the moon s distance from the earth by its horary motion, 423
its apogæon moves more slowly when the earth is in its aphelion, more swiftly in the perihelion, 414, 445
its apogæon goes forward most swiftly when in the syzygies with the sun; and goes backward in the quadratures, 414, 446
its eccentricity greatest when the apogæon is in the syzygies with the sun; least when the same is in the quadratures, 414, 446
its nodes move more slowly when the earth is in its aphelion, and more swiftly in the perihelion, 414, 445
its nodes are at rest in their syzygies with the sun, and go back most swiftly in the quadratures 414