10 s. x. OCT. 31, 1908.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
357
s.v. ' Lansdowne House.' Lansdowne House
was built in 1765-7.
J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL.
" PETERSBURG " OR " ST. PETERSBURG " (10 S. x. 306). The Chinese form given by G. M. H. P. is interesting as evidence in favour of the popular form " St. Petersburg." In Little Russian, or language of the Cos- sacks, there are two forms in use, viz., " Sankt Peterburg " (without the s) and " Petrograd." " Petrograd " is also used by the Southern Slavs, Servians, and Croa- tians. In Finnish the capital is called " Pietari." JAS. PLATT, Jun.
In the ' Recueil des Traites et Conven- tions ' by F. de Martens (published by the Russian Foreign Office), vol. ix. (x.), I find a German document dated " Petersburg," 20 Aug., 1710 ; the collateral Russian trans- lation is dated " S. Peterburch'." Another document in French is dated " St. Peters- bourg," 21 June, 1726, and the collateral Russian translation " Sankt' peterburk'."
L. L. K.
Just home from this capital, I observe the editorial foot-note reading : " Russians officially write 'St. Petersburg,' but they commonly say ' Peterburg.' ' The first rendering should have o before the u, the official spelling, I believe, being " St. Peters- bourg." HARRY HEMS.
Fair Park, Exeter.
TOLLGATE HOUSES (10 S. x. 188, 274). The area east and west from Chelmsford to Wokingham, and north and south from Bishop's Stortford to Tunbridge Wells, is exhaustively dealt with in " Cary's Survey of the High Roads from London to .... to
which is added The different Turnpike
Gates shewing the Connection which one trust has with another," London, 1790, small quarto. This has a ' General Plan for explaining the different Trusts of the Turnpike Gates in the Vicinity of the Metropolis,' and also gives full information as to when a ticket taken at Tollgate A was available to " free " Tollgate B, &c.
W. B. H.
"ROUNDHEAD" (10 ,?S. ix. 170). -The earliest employment of this word as a political term which I have yet traced is in an affidavit made on 16 June, 1642, by Henry Wills, of Launceston, charging John Escott, a local alderman and Deputy-Herald for Devon and Cornwall, with having " spoken scan- dalous words against the Parliament," pre-
sented to the House of Lords on 23 June,
and now among its papers. In this the
deponent said
he did heare John Escotte voluntarilye to
deliuer theis words following (or to the same effect)
vizt that Mr. Seldon* was a man that had
more learning than a thousand round-headed Pirns."
ALFRED F. ROBBINS.
HANNAH MARIA JONES (10 S. x. 248, 298). The mention of some works attributed to this lady reminds me of some of an earlier date which used to range on the single shelf of books in farm-houses some sixty years ago. They were read with implicit belief by the female members of the family. Such were ' The Mysterious Marriage,' ' Fatherless Fanny,' ' The Children of the Abbey,' and ' The Knight of the White Banner : Henry, Earl of Moreland ' (the last-named by Henry Brooke, 1706-83). Upon this Charles Kings- ley tried his revising hand, and even John Wesley admired the original edition.
JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.
Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.
SIR RICHARD WESTON : SOAP-MAKIN G (10 S. viii. 509 ; ix. 98). Although MR. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL'S reply did not directly answer my question, it was the means of putting me on the right track, and I have now all the information I desire. Sir Richard Weston's patent for soap-making, mentioned by MR. MACMICHAEL as having been granted 13 December, 6 Charles L, is not contained in the Official Indexes published by the Commissioners of Patents, and I have since learnt that it was accidentally omitted from the printed series of letters patent. There is a long story about these patents, which is set out with much detail in an anonymous tract entitled ' A Short and True Relation concerning the Soap Business,' published in London in 1641. I may mention that this tract was handsomely reproduced in facsimile by Messrs. Lever Brothers of Port Sunlight, as a supplement to their monthly magazine Progress, in 1905. As the magazine is issued gratuitously, I believe that Messrs. Lever Brothers would send copies of the numbers containing the reprint to any of your readers who might think it worth while to apply for them.
There is an entry in the * Calendar of State Papers (Domestic) for 1639-40,' p. 193, as follows :
"Petition of Sir Richard Weston, of Sutton, co. Surrey, to the King. Upon a petition of Sir Henry
Guildford against petitioner touching the soap
business."
