130
NOTES AND QUERIES,
s. in. FEB. is, IQQS.
Tollendal, was a prominent figure in politics
during the Revolution and during the reigri
of Louis XVIII. More recently another poli-
tician might be mentioned M. Waddington ;
also a soldier who made his way to the front
recently in the African wars of France,
General Dodds.
Under the great Napoleon we have the ever-faithful Marshal Macdonald, Duke of Tarentum, and the war minister Clarke, Duke of Feltre; and under the third Napoleon that gallant but unfortunate soldier Marshal MacMahon, Duke of Magenta. In another exciting, but less dangerous sphere we find John Law, the creator of the Mississippi Bubble. The great Duke of Berwick, the victor of Almansa, was the son of James II. and nephew of the Duke of Maryborough.
In Italy one recalls Sir John Hawkwood, Admiral Acton in the service of the King of Naples, and Baron Ward (once a Yorkshire jockey), the Prime Minister of Parma. One would be tempted also to refer to the head of the Roman Church Pope Adrian IV., the only English Pontiff. Nor must we forget in recent times " Garibaldi's Englishman " Peard.
In thinking of Greece it is only necessary to mention Byron, Trelawny, and Parry.
In Spain the names of Sir William Stanley, of Generals Dillon, O'Reilly, O'Mahony (Count of Castile), of Count Gage, and of Sir De Lacy Evans occur ; also those of the Captain-General of Catalonia,General Francis Lacy, and the Prime Minister Richard Wall.
In Austria we find engaged in the wars against the Turks Thomas Lord Arundell, and in later years Field-Marshal Nugent, a prince of the Holy Roman Empire and a magnate of Hungary, Field-Marshal Viscount Taaffe (Earl of Carlingford), General Nicholas Taaffe, and possibly Count Taaffe, the Austrian minister. In Hungary, during the critical months of 1848 and 1849, one of the most successful of the Hungarian generals was the Englishman General Richard Guyon. Turning to Russia, we have a pioneer of Central Asian trade, Capt. John Elton, who finished his adventurous career under the banners of Persia; Field-Marshal Count Lacy, " the Prince Eugene of Muscovy " ; General Maurice Lacy, who fought under Sou varoff; Admirals Greg and Elphinstone; the vic- torious Count de Browne. Field-Marshal, and a still more celebrated Field-Marshal in the war against Napoleon I., Barclay de Tolly, the son of a Scotchman.
In Prussia: General Keith, and his brother Field-Marshal Keith, mortally wounded at
Bochkirch, and Count Douglas. Field-
Marshal York, too, was English by descent.
In Bavaria: Sir Benjamin Thompson, other- wise the Count von Rumford, the founder of the Royal Institution of Great Britain, and urer of smoky chimneys.
In Holland : the bankers George Clifford (the friend of Linneeus) and John Hope
In Portugal : Admiral Sir George Sartorius, and Sir Charles Napier of Acre celebrity.
In Sweden : General Barclay, who fought under Gustavus Adolphus, General Malcolm Hamilton, and Baron Reay.
In Turkey or Egypt we come across General Guyon again, Gordon Pasha, Hobart Pasha, Sir Samuel Baker, General Valentine Baker, and Hicks Pasha.
In Brazil and Chile : the Earl of Dundonald and Ambrose O'Higgins (Viceroy of Peru, and father of the Liberator of Chile).
In Madagascar : General Shervington.
In India : George Thomas, the general of the Begum Somru.
In Afghanistan : Sir Thomas Salter Pyne, Dr. Grey, and Dr. Hamilton the last-named, by the way, a lady.
In Borneo : Sir James Brooke, who subse- quently became Rajah.
In 'China : General Gordon, Sir Robert Hart, Admiral Laing.
In Japan : William Adams, the favourite of two Emperors of Japan in the seventeenth century, and Prof. Ernest Fox well.
In Tonga : Mr. Baker.
In Morocco, Kaid Sir Harry Macleanh as already been mentioned. In the Soudan the lieutenant of the Mahdi, "Osman Digna," was believed to have been an Englishman, George Nisbet. R. B.
Upton.
Premising that Englishmen include Britons generally, and putting a wide interpretation on the qualifying adjective "important," I would mention Admiral Thomas Gordon, Governor of Cronsfadt, who died in 1741. I sketched his career at considerable length in The Aberdeen Free Press, 3 and 19 Sep- tember, 1898. Again, there was General Patrick Gordon, Peter the Great's right- hand man, whose ' Diary ' was issued by the Spalding Club ; also Field-Marshal Keith, of Frederick the Great's army.
The literature of the subject includes Hill Burton's delightful 'Scot Abroad'; W. H. Davenport Adams's ' Under Many Flags,' 189G ; Father Forbes Leith's ' Scots Men-at-Arms' ; Mr. James Ferguson's elaborate history of the ' Scots Brigade in Holland ' ; and Mr. Th. A. Fischer's excellent books 'The Scots in Germany ' and ' The Scots in Eastern and
