Page:Notes and Queries - Series 10 - Volume 4.djvu/569

iv. DUC.A lace:] NOTES AND QUERIES. 471 words of which we cannot guess the meaning, a» they are not to be found in any of the extant charters or codices which are written 1:1 tliiit. language. W. F. PRIDEAUX. A friend (also a native of Chelsea, but at a more recent time than myself) had reminded me, before I saw the letters of ME. FOSTER PALMER and MR. WARD at the last reference, that Carlyle died in Cheyne Row, not Cheyne Walk, and this is mentioned in the ' Dictionary of National Biography.' PROF. SKKAT points out that Cealchythe w&s not the same place as Celchyth (the latter was probably Chelsea), and quotes a passage from Birch in which the same ex- pression ("in loco famoso") is used about it as of the other in the account of the synod of 816, where in the text it is spoken of as the place "qui dicitur Celichyth," but the heading has "Synodus Calchuthensis." In the ' A.-S. Chronicle' we are told that " a litigious synod" was held at Cealchyth in A.I>. 785. It would be interesting to know where this place was—I suppose, not very near London, as the word is connected with chalk. W. T. LYNN. NELSON'S SIGNAL (10th S. iv. 321, 370, 411). —MR. WARD has apparently written more than he has read about the signal, or he would know that the logs of the ships at Trafalgar have' been printed in Nicolas's ' Dispatches and Letters of Viscount Nelson,' in Sir T. Sturges Jackson's 'Great Sea Fights,' and in my own edition of the ' Letters and Despatches,' and that the originals can be seen at the Record Office. He might, too, have learntthat the flag-lieutenant —Pasco—is the officer to whom, in ordinary course, the Admiral—Nelson—would give the order to make the signal. Pasco says he did so, and tells the story in a straightforward and intelligible manner. MR. WARD cites against it a letter, written some eighty years after date, by a man who had heard his father say that some one else—Browne—had told 11ini. Is that evidence 1 As to the grammar, Nelson was not always very par- ticular, but I submit that here, at least, he was perfectly correct, and that he did not "make a neuter verb into a verb active." But as to what Nelson might or might not write, MR. WARD is, by his own admission, incompetent to offer—I do not say to have— an opinion, for he writes, " I am not read in his dispatches." And yet his whole argu- ment turns on the impossibility of a sailor using the words which perfectly conclusive •evidence proves he did use. J. K. LAUOHTON. A grandson of one who was signalman to Admiral Harvey on the morning of Trafalgar Day, I may perhaps be allowed to repeat what I have heard almost at first hand : that not half of the sailors who fought on that day heard of Nelson's signal " England expects," <fec., if at all, until the battle was fought and won, for the simple reason that the decks were cleared for action, and nine out of ten of the officers and seamen were below, the gunners stripped to the waist, getting the guns ready and bringing up the shot. During the battle my grandfather captained one of the guns on the main deck. I have also heard that the celebrated signal was not thought very necessary by those who saw and understood it—the men throughout the fleet had been hoping for several days for a good battle, and feeling sure of the result. Amongst the mass of writing in the papers during the last few weeks on the plans for the battle made days beforehand, I have nowhere noticed what I believe is a fact: that the plan of Nelson's column was altered by himself while the ships were going into battle. It had been arranged that Colling- wood should lead one line and Harvey _the other; but as his own line was shaping, Nelson, stimulated by the advance of "that brave Colling wood," called to the Temeraire, moving to the front, "I'll thank you, Harvey, to take your place in the rear or the Victory." In that order, therefore, these vessels went into battle. The note above as to the signal not being very necessary reminds me of an incident which occurred in a London theatre on receipt of the news. The play was stopped, the announcement made, and there was a call for the song ' Britons, strike Home !' when a stentorian voice from the pit or gallery called out, " Why, damme, they have, haven't they 1" E. A PETHERICK. Streatham. TRAFALGAR (10th S. iv. 385, 431). — A similar case to that of Sepulchre Street, quoted at the last reference, is Arundel Street, which I often hear from Londoners. But is not the pronunciation Trafalgar merely due to the English tendency to stress any long penultimate ' It is to this attrac- tive force of a heavy penultimate we owe such pronunciations as Augustine, Bellarmine, Costello, Gibraltar, Hunstanton, Montressor, Santander, and many others. The alteration is most striking when the stress now falls on what was originally an article or suffix. Thus the word redlf/ar is exactly parallel to Trafalgar, the accent fulling in each upon