o>s. V.MAY 26, woe.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
415
for in public-houses, which hardly ever is the
case nowadays. This vessel was of copper
an ale-warmer, though the common name
for the article was " the devil." This "devil "
now only hangs on the walls of inns as a
relic of bygone times, because, I am told, not
only are hot ales less asked for, but landlords
and landladies are averse to the trouble of
making such drinks. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
Halliwell, in his ' Dictionary/ defines "dog'i nose" as a cordial used in low life, composed of warm porter, moist sugar, gin, and nut- meg." In all likelihood it is the same as used to be called in Cheshire "fettle porter,' which was a favourite beverage drunk in winter after skating, or in wet weather. " Fettle" is a term used in that county for preparing or setting in order.
In 'The Old Curiosity Shop,' chap, xviii., Dickens describes its preparation at "The Jolly Sandboys," a comfortable roadside inn, whose kitchen is graphically drawn :
"Then said Mr. Codlin, 'Fetch me a pint of warm ale, and don't let anybody bring into the room even so much as a biscuit till the time arrives.' Nodding his approval of this decisive and manly course of procedure, the landlord retired to draw the beer, and, presently returning with it, applied himself to warm the same in a small tin vessel shaped funnel-wise for the convenience of sticking it far down in the fire, and getting at the bright places. This was soon done, and he handed it over to Mr. Codlin with that creamy froth upon the surface which is one of the happy circumstances attendant upon mulled malt."
JOHN PICKFORD, M.A. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.
PROVINCIAL BOOKSELLERS (10 th S. v. 141, 183, 242, 297, 351).-! should like to make the following addition to W. C. B.'s valuable list :
Salisbury. J. Hodson & Co., 1773.
Winchester. J. Wilkes, 1773, 1781.
At Winchester the succession of the book- sellers and printers to the College during the last 150 years or thereabouts has been : 1760. T. [probably Thomas] Burdon. 1773-1801. J. [John] Burdon. 1801-24. James Robbing. 1824-44. [James] Robbins & Wheeler. [Mr.Robbins
died on 23 May, 1844, aged 85.1 1845-61. D. Nutt. [Mr. David Nutt, of 270, Strand,
London, took over, as a branch of his business'
that of Robbins & Wheeler ] 1862-6. [David] Nutt & [Joseph] Wells. [Mr. Nutt
1866-90. J." [Joseph] Wells. [He died on 17 July,
1890, aged 68.] 1891 [His sons] ^[Philip] & G. [George] Wells.
[Mr. G. Wells died on 14 December, 1905.]
H. C.
ARIEL (10 th S. v. 249, 298). I had good
reason for choosing Beelzebub and Vishnu
as examples, though I do not seem to have
made this clear in my answer. The devil
and the deity became actually women, in
substance as well as in form. As an instance
of a deity that changed his shape only, I
may mention Vertumnus. He appeared in
the form of an old woman to Pomona, but
he did not change his sex. E. YARDLEY.
We may, I think, fairly conclude that the spirit Ariel of 'The Tempest' is of the masculine type, inasmuch as, like Caliban, this spirit is an attribute of the masculine character Prospero, who, in the same column of the First Folio, addresses Ariel as " my diligence," and says of Caliban ( = animal nature), "This King of darknesse I Acknow- ledge mine." A. J. WILLIAMS.
In reference to MR. PLATT'S answer about Ariel, I beg to remind him that Ziska is an abbreviation of Franziska, a well-known name amongst German girls.
S. BIRNBAUM,
Shakspere seems to have used Ariel _ as equivalent to aerial, "a spirit of the air." In Hebrew it may equate "leonine"; thus David had three mighty men of his body- guard, Benaiah, their captain and commander, being a good fourth.
Now this Benaiah slew two Ariels of Moab (2 Sam. xxiii. 20) ; and it is a wonderful curiosity of literature to find this exploit capped by the Moabite Stone, where " Mesha carried off from Ataroth the Ariel of David, and disembowelled them before Chemosh." This parallel seems too exact to be accidental.
A. HALL.
CHEYNE WALK : CHINA WALK (10 th S. v. 245, 312, 375). In giving the etymology of Cheyne I did not commit myself to any statement of locality. It is now perfectly clear that the name is due to Cheneys in Bucks. This is merely an English plural form, meaning "oak-groves"; audits singular represents (as I said) the word which Cot- grave spells chesnaye. The continental French spelling is Quesn'oy ; two such places are noted in * The Century Dictionary of Names.'
I demur to the statement that de Casineto, or de Quercineto, signifies the oak ; for it certainly signifies an oak - grove, just as salictum means a willow-grove, and not a willow. Further, the forms casineto and juercineto are wholly different and uncon- iccted. Casinetum is allied to the Middle Latin casnus, an oak (Ducange) ; whereas
- quercimtum is an imaginary form (for which
