10 8. VII. JUNE 22, 1907.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
497
needlework about a house, and how beauti-
fully this was done the contents of our
grandmothers' boxes and clothes chests
testify. The heavy pinchusions were used
for pinning work to work which had to be
stretched while it was done. Otherwise
the ladies pinned the work to their knees.
I remember, too, that there were pin- poppets and needle-poppets in which the ^articles were kept. The poppets were round, made of wood or metal. An old metal one I have is long enough to hold tape needles, darning needles, and the short bent packing needles ; and at the present time it contains some beautifully made old tape needles, a large double pin, and some old silver -thimbles. This pin-poppet is embossed all over, and has a hinged lid.
Tiros. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
ENGLISH CANONIZED SAINTS (10 S. iii. 25). At the open meeting of the British School of Rome held on 23 March last Mr. J. A. Twemlow proved that St. John of Bridlington was canonized by Boniface IX. on 24 Sept., 1401.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
[A summary of Mr. Twemlow's paper will be found in The, Athenaeum of 13 April, pp. 449-50.]
PILLION : FLAILS (10 S. iii. 267, 338, 375, 433 ; iv. 72 ; vi. 274, 313 ; vii. 272, 316). Jago ('English-Cornish Dictionary') gives "Flail, fust, fyst, vust, vyst, vysk," and notes that the leather which joins the two pieces of wood in a flail is called the " keveran." In Williams' s ' Lexicon Cornu-Britannicum ' I find " Fust, s.f., a staff, a club, a flail ; pi. fustow " ; he adds that in late Cornish it was changed in construction into vust. " Fusta, v.a., to beat, to thresh." Price '(' Archseologia Cornu-Britannica,' 1790) gives virtually the same information.
P. JENNINGS.
St. Day.
DR. ALLISON may be interested in the following jottings from Le Gonidec's dic- tionary. In old Cornish and Breton the flail is fust ; in modern Breton, frel. In the latter, fust frel is " manche de fleau " ; pengap (pengab) is " garniture de cuir sur le manche et sur la gaule " ; while stag frel is " lien entre manche et gaule." I have
- also consulted hereon M. Loth, Professor
of Celtic at this University.
H. H. JOHNSON.
Rennes University, France.
There used to be a favourite old glee con- cerning " Dame Durden," who " kept five
serving-men to use the spade and flail."
One never hears it now, and what its date
may be I cannot say, though I have an idea
it may be found in the ' Book of English
Song.'
In ' Peveril of the Peak,' chap, xxxii., there is a description of the " Protestant flail." See further Note W, " Silk Armour.' ' JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.
Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.
"Powwow": ITS MEANING (10?S. vii. 265). In Leicestershire about fifty years ago, as I have been given to understand, a meeting of clergymen for consultation was in one rectory, at any rate, known as a " powwow." ST. SWITHIN.
PENNY WARES WANTED (10 S. ii. 369, 415, 456 ; iii. 16, 98, 235, 312). On p. 248 of " King James His Speech to Both Houses of Parliament, On occasion of the Gun- powder-Treason : London, Re-printed by His Majesties Printers, M.DC.LXXIX." Paper 7 of ' The several Papers and Letters of Sir Everard Digby ' begins as follows : "I have found your pennywares but never that in the Wascoat till this night."
E. S. DODGSON.
' LINCOLNSHIRE FAMILY'S CHEQUERED HISTORY ' : WALSH FAMILY (10 S. vii. 349). CURIOUS will find a very instructive article by Mr. C. F. S. Warren in The Bookworm, vol. iv. (1891), reviewing "an almost forgotten book," the title-page of which is as follows :
"The History and Fate of Sacrilege discovered by Examples of Scripture, of Heathens, and of Christians : From the beginning of the World con- tinually till this Day. By Sir Henry Spelman, Kt. Wrote in the year 1632. A Treatise omitted in the late Edition of his Posthumous Works, and now published for the Terror of Evil Doers. London, Printed for John Hartley, over-against Gray's Inn, Holborn. 1698."
Mr. Warren closes his article by saying
"that the law of the punishment of sacrilege con- tinues even now to operate, that it is no fiction, no fancy or idle dream, but that it is, and will con- tinue to be, an actually living and existing and abiding sanction."
A. H. ARKLE.
" WAX AND CURNELS " (10 S. vii. 267, 338). These were always spoken of as one or a double complaint, and the one was so far related to the other in the probability that a cold produced both. A Derbyshire woman's explanation would run: "A stopt-up yer, an' lumps i' th' neck." I may add that I have never heard of " wax an' cunels " here. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
