216
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. vm. SEPT. 13, 1913.
BURES (11 S. viii. 169). The origin of
this name is doubtless Norman, as two places
still bear it in Normandy : Bures in Calva-
dos, and Bures-en-Bray in Seine -inferieure.
As the latter was a manor belonging to the
Kings of England when Dukes of Normandy,
where both Richard I. and John kept their
Christmas on more than one occasion, it is
easy to understand how it was the name
came to be used here.
J. TAVENOR-PERRY.
5, Burlington Gardens, Chiswick, W.
A CHRISTIAN RULE (11 S. viii. 149). The lines quoted in reply to CANON ELLACOMBE'S query are particularly inter- esting as supplying the probable source of the inspiration of Charles Wesley's well- known hymn beginning :
A charge to keep I have,
A God to glorify ; A never-dying soul to save,
And fit it for the sky.
C. C. B.
[MR. JOHN T. PAGE thanked for reply to the same effect.]
DERIVED SENSES OF THE CARDINAL POINTS : " RIGHT " = SOUTH, " LEFT " = NORTH (11 S. vii. 270, 333, 482 ; viii. 51, 155). MR. PENRY LEWIS asks at the last reference if Welsh and Irish have different words for " left " and " north." Welsh (with Breton) has the above equations. Thus, deheu is " right hand " and " south," gogledd is " north " (Welsh) and " left hand " (Breton ; now pronounced liz).
In India the Deccan is. in Sanskrit, Dakshina ; and Arrian (' Periplus m. Eryth.') says of it: Aaxa.va/3dd-r)s KaXetrai TJ X&pa' ddxwos yap KCtAetrcu 6 v6ros rrj avr&v yXoxro'fl.
In modern Greek the hard aspirate (h, as in Arabic) is always transliterated x- A tendency in this direction may be as old as the second-century historian.
H. H. JOHNSON.
68, Abbey Road, Torquay.
Welsh for " north " = gogledd ; Welsh for " lef t " = chwith, aswy, and cledd. Prof. J. Morris Jones, in his recently published standard Welsh Grammar, p. 156, shows that probably the two Welsh words chwith and aswy can ultimately be derived from a hypothetical root klei-, which would also be the ultimate root of the Latin sccevus (left) and Icevus (left), and evidently a cognate at least with the root of the Latin word clivus (slope or decline), the root of Welsh gogledd. All these words appear to have a common secondary meaning of
awkwardness or inferiority. Thus though
Welsh has different words for " north " and
" left," the different words are cognate in
meaning and derivation.
Gogledd, chwith, and aswy all seem to- express the opposite of dehau (south and left), which, like Latin dexter and Greek Sextos, is cognate with Sanskrit dakshina = clever. (Vide Skeat's ' Etym. Diet.,' s.v. 'Dexter.') T. LLECHID JONES.
Yspytty Vicarage, Bettws-y-coed.
In reply to MR. PENRY LEWIS'S query I may say, as regards Welsh, that gogledd. " north," does not also mean " left " ; and aswy and chwith, the words for " left," can- not also be used for " north." This agrees with what MR. PENRY LEWIS says of Sin- halese ; what the explanation may be I cannot say. Nor can I say with certainty that " left " and " north " were never, in Welsh, interchangeable ; but such is my belief. I may add that in the Isle of Ax- holme in Lincolnshire " north-handed " means " left-handed." H. I. B.
DISRAELI QUERIES (11 S. viii. 170). 1. Disraeli in his speech on Gladstone's Irish University Bill, in 1873, used the words, " I believe that the people of this country are tired of a policy of plundering and blundering." I am writing from me- mory. F. E. R. POLLARD-URQUHART.
Craigston Castle, Turriff, N.B.
7. " Claret which has the true odour of the violet " is in ' Lothair,' in the description of Mr. Putney Giles's dinner.
(c) " Men of light and leading " was used, without inverted commas, in Lord Beacons- field's manifesto before the general election of 1880. Critics abused it as characteris- tically bad English, till they found that it was quoted from Burke. G. W. E. R.
SOLICITORS' ROLL (US. viii. 89, 158). The Admission Rolls of Attorneys prior to 1843 are deposited in the Public Record Office. The Roll of Solicitors since 1843 is in the custody of the Law Society, Chan- cery Lane, which also has a department which records biographical and professional details of all solicitors. R. A. C.
AUSTRIAN CATHOLIC MISSION IN THE SUDAN (11 S. viii. 168). Information about this mission is contained in the prefaces to J. C. Mitterrutzner's ' Grammatik der Dinka-Sprache ' and ' Grammatik der Bari- Sprache,' both published at Brixen about 1866. Cp. also A. E. Wallis Budge, 'The Egyptian Sudan,' ii. 312. S. HILLELSON.
