us. YIII. DEC. 20,
NOTES AND QUERIES.
483
1005. Christmas Supeistitions. By W. H.
,I v .vdtt. The Treasury, v. 196-203.
1905. Festum Stultorum. By Mrs. Villiers Hemming. Nineteenth Century, Ivii. 1000-8.
1905. The Christmas Book. By Joseph Shay- Inr.Cornhill, N.S. xix. 797-806.
1906. Guising and Mumming in Derbyshire. J.y S. O. Addy. Journal of Derbyshire Arch, and Nat. Hist. Soc., xxix. 31-42.
1906. Up Helli A. By J. Xicolson. World's Work, vii. 283-5.
1906. Korean New Year Folk-Lore. By F. M. Brockman. Korea Review, yi. 47-50.
19(17. Christmas ; its origin, celebration, and significance as related in prose and verse. Com- piled by R. H. Schauffler.
1909. The Story of Santa Klaus told for Children of all ages from Six to Sixty. By W. S. Walsh.
1910. Origins of popular Superstitions and Customs. By T. S. Knowlson. ' Christmas,' pp. 75-83.
1912. [List of Books on Christmas.] Chicago Public Library Book Bulletin, December, pp. 146-7.
1912. County Folk-Lore. Vol. VI. Printed Extracts, No. VIII. Examples of Printed Folk- Lore concerning the East Riding of Yorkshire. Collected and edited by Mrs. Gutch. [New Year, pp. 85-7 ; Christmastide, pp. 112-21.] Folk- Lore Society, 1912.
1912. Christmas Weather, Seasonable and Unseasonable. The Times, 28 Dec., p. 5.
1912. The Monster Book of Carols for Church and Homo. New ed.
1912. Keeping Christmas. By P. H. Ditch- field. The Treasury, December, pp. 187-90. The Mistletoe. By Rev. J. Hudson. Id., pp. 220-22. Christmas in a Yorkshire Dale. By J. Fairfax Blake-borough. Id., pp. 232-4.
1912. The Christmas Lights at Manchester Cathedral. By Rev. Henry A. Hudson, M.A. Transactions Lancashire and Cheshire Antiq. Society, xxix. 1-18, with four plates.
1912. Noel en Provence. Par M. Alexandre Paul. ie Petit Marseillais, 23 Dec. [See 11 S. vii. 51.]
1913. Christmas in Ritual and Tradition. By Clement A. Miles. Second edition. [The first od., noted 11 S. vii. 4, includes (pp. 363-87) an excellent bibliography of works and references relating to the various subdivisions of the subject].
1913. The Christmas Miracle-Play of Mon- f.-nato. By L. Gargini. The Quest, January.
!'> 1 3. New Year Customs, Ancient and Modern. ]5y R. C. Traffprd. Windsor, January.
1913. Considerations. By Zachary Wayn- (!((-. Pp. 155. [Contains a* paper on Christmas i>ay, cl\ Timr* Lit. Supp., 16 Jan.]
1913. Christinas Thoughts. By the Right Iv'V. .1. II. Bernard, D.D.
1913. Christmas Annuals in the Sixties. By Algernon Warren. Chambers'* Journal, Decem- ber, pp. 757-8.
1913. Food Reform and Christmas. Daily Telegraph (leader), 2 Dec.
1913. A Real Old-Fashioned Christmas. By Harry Cooper. Sundmj at Home, December. Christinas Fifty Years Hence. By Frank Elias Id.
1913. The Nativity in Modern Art. By Luke Taylor. The Treasury, December.
An interesting New Year custom was
mentioned in The Standard, 31 Dec., 1912.
On the tower of Weedon Church, near
Kettering, Northamptonshire, is a lantern
15ft. high, \vhich lights the Old Year out
and the New Year in. The lantern was
built two centuries ago, and was used in
former days to guide wayfarers through the
dense Rockingham Forest. The Standard
suggests that this is probably the only
church where such an Old Year custom is
observed. ROLAND AUSTIN.
Public Library, Gloucester.
CHURCHGOING IN THE FIFTEENTH
CENTURY.
THE following particulars, which read less- like England than like some outlying district of a newly established colony, may be of interest to some readers of * N. & Q.' Those- who have come across Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Webb's delightful book 'The Story of the King's Highway ' will recall the description there given of the theory and practice of road-making in the later Middle Ages, and will have no need to be reminded how troublesome nay, how dangerous might be even a restricted getting about from one place to another. I am quoting from vol. ix. of the Papal Letters recently pub- lished in the ' Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registers relating to Great Britain and Ireland.' Within the period 1437 to 1447 there are no fewer than five instances of permission being given to the inhabitants of places lying remote from their proper parish church to have mass said for them, and other divine offices performed, at chapels within easier reach.
Thus in 1440 the inhabitants of " Brent- wode " in the diocese of London complained that their parish church of " Sowthwel " was so remote that, at times when there were floods, the children carried thither for baptism from Brentwood died on the way. Leave was given for the celebration of divine offices in their own chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr. A like permission was given two years later to Robert Whitingham for the Chapel of St. Mary he had built at
- Pendele,' about a mile from the parish
church at Aldebury in the Lincoln diocese, because the road between the two was muddy and dangerous, especially in wintry and rainy weather.
The Abbot and Convent of the Cistercian monastery of Melroseseem to have described in eloquent terms the perils and discomforts
