298
NOTES AND QUERIES, [ii s. in. APKIL is, 1911.
aware, the poem was first printed in ' Ol
England,' published by C. Cox, but sub
sequently reissued by Charles Knight.
W. SCOTT.
DOUBLE DEDICATIONS (11 S. iii. 209). The following quotations from an articl by M. Meurer in Schaff's ' Religious Ency clopsedia ' may provide a partial answer t< this query :
" Originally there was only one altar in eac'
church consecrated to the patron saint of th
building ; but .... the circumstance that the alta was connected with the worship of martyrs anc saints gave rise to the introduction of severa altars in the same church .... As other relic than those of the patron saint were introducec into a church, special altars were raised and conse crated to them ; and at these altars private mas was said at special occasions. .. .Ambrose men tions several altars in the church of Milan."
u.
BELL INSCRIPTION AT FALMOTJTH : JEAIS FRANQOIS LAVAUD (11 S. iii. 248). The bel inscription signifies " Messire Jean Francois Lavaud, Treasurer of France, godfather Dame Marie Midaud, godmother, 1738.' " Poulange " appears to be the name of a place in Brittany or on its borders. The Breton poull, Welsh pwll, Cornish pol, and English pool are all from the late Latin padulis, a marsh. See Skeat's ' Concise Etymological Dictionary.'
I have always concluded that the god- parents of a bell are the people who name it when it is " baptized." In this instance the name is not mentioned in the inscrip- tion unless " Poulange " be a bell-name.
" Messire " is a title difficult to translate. In the Middle Ages it was limited to men of the highest nobility, but later it was added to the individual titles of persons of quality, and eventually was assumed by priests, doctors, barristers, and other pro- fessional men.
" Dame " originally signified the wife of one possessing feudal authority over certain people or certain landed property. It also signified a woman who herself possessed such rights. Now it is the title of every married woman, and is used " par politesse " of every woman, whether married or not.
P. W. G. M.
WILLIAM CHALMERS OF FINTRAY AND FASTEMBURG (11 S. iii. 181). By " Pere Berulle " MR. ANDERSON means Cardinal Pierre de Berulle, born at Cerilly, Cham- pagne, 4 February, 1575 ; founder of the Congregation of the Oratory in France, 1611 ; created a Cardinal 1627 ; died 2 Octo-
ber, 1629. See the article 'Berulle,
Pierre de,' in the ' Catholic Encyclopaedia,'
ii. 534, from the pen of A. M. P. Ingold,
Director Revue cT Alsace, Colmar, Germany.
Perhaps the latter could give some informa-
tion about William Chalmers.
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
ELEPHANT AND CASTLE IN HERALDRY (11 S. i. 508 ; ii. 36, 115, 231, 353, 398 ; iii. 36, 237). I am obliged to MR. UDAL for drawing attention to my lapsus calami. I ought to have written, as he points out, " Pakington," not " Parkington."
ALFRED CHAS. JONAS.
CHARLOTTE SMITH'S POEM ' ST. MONICA * (US. iii. 228). This poem is contained in a posthumous volume entitled ' Beachy Head, and other Poems.' It is quoted at con- siderable length in Robertson's ' English Poetesses,' Cassell, 1883, eleven 9-line stanzas being printed ; but there is some reason to believe the poem is either not quoted in full, or presented in a form embodying the author's later amendments. TOE REA.
MURDERERS REPRIEVED FOR MARRIAGE (11 S. iii. 129, 172, 195). In connexion with Scott's story quoted by ST. SWITHIN, some readers may be interested in R. Browning's version of the incident, ' Muckle-mouth Meg' (in 'Asolando'). Also cf. R. L. Stevenson's striking tale ' The Sire de Maletroit's Door ' in the ' New Arabian Nights.' H. K. ST. J. S.
Since writing my reply at the last reference, I have come across further allusions to the subject in Kohler's article in Anzeiger fur deutsches Altertum, vi. 263-75, 1880 (re- printed in his ' Kleinere Schriften,' 1900 r vol. iii. p. 251).
I find it is also, but shortly, referred to in- Montaigne's ' Essais,' Liv. I. chap, xl.
A. C. LEE. [MR. REGINALD HEWITT also thanked for reply. J
OUNDLE (11 S. iii. 9, 137, 153). This place seems to be mentioned in Bede's Ecclesiastical History,' Book V. chap, xix., as the place of Bishop Wilfrid's death. I cannot now refer to the original Latin, but my English translation gives it as Undalum. A. MORLEY DAVIES.
I should have added to my reply (ante,
- >. 137) that the form Undela occurs in
Birch's 'Charters,' 1128, 1129, 1130, 1281 circa 912). EDWARD SMITH.
