144
NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. vi. A. 24, 1912.
the Use of Schools, and Young Persons in
General. The English by William Cobbett ;
the French by J. H. Sievrac. London. Printed
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LEWIS MELVILLE.
- Salcombe, Harpenden, Herts.
(To be continued.)
FITZ WILLIAM AND GRIMALDI ARMS.
I THINK the fact that the Fitz\villiam and Grimaldi arms and motto are the same is undervalued. It is not the case of a lion, an eagle, or a cross, which are plentiful in every armory ; but, as far as I can find, the lozengy argent and gules are very scarce; and, with the motto "Deo juvante," still scarcer. I have never seen even an attempted explanation as to why a great ancient English family copied the arms and motto of an Italian one. For, of course, to suggest that the Grimaldi copied the Fitz- william arms would be absurd. Yet \vhen a simple explanation is offered which clears up the whole matter, viz., that the Fitz- vvilliams and the Grimaldi had a common ancestor, it is rejected as if too incredible to discuss.
However, the identification of the "Gois- frid the Marshal" of Domesday Book, the " Goisfrid de Bee" of Domesday Book, the "Goisfrid de Bee" of Venasque, and Godric the Marshal" of the Fitzwilliam pedigree, as one and the same great person, has, I think, been as clearly made out (see my note on 'The Fitzwilliam Family,' US. v. 164) as could be expected 1 specially as the era and dates of these four names exactly coincide, and they are taken from such high and independent sources as to make collu- sion or copying seem unreasonable.
As to the Fitzwilliam. scarf, I understand that lately it has been examined by experts and pronounced to be no scarf, but a costly ecclesiastical stole, worn, probably, at William I.'s coronation. But the under- lying idea of William's invasion was a religious crusade, hence the Pope gave his alessing and patronage to William, and sent him relics, &c., as omens of success. This stole may have been one of them, which William naturally wished to utilize, and so wore it at Hastings as a mascot, and, con- luding it had . brought him victory, was rowned in it, and, it having served his purpose, gave it to his Marshal.
As to the Fitzwilliam arms, I do not find them common. In Fransone's great work, Nobilita di Genova ' (Genoua, 1636), there are some 900 Italian coats of arms, with plenty of lions and eagles, &c., but only
- wo shields bearing the Fitzwilliam arms
that of Grimaldi, and that of Oliva, which was aggregated to the Grimaldi, 1528.
In Cellyer's ' Armorial Universel ' (Paris, 4662) there are about 1,000 different French loats of arms, but I only find the Fitzwilliam
