us. VIL APRIL i,i9i3.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
317
cows, they wandered slowly home to their
respective homesteads, to be comfortably
housed for the night in yards, plentifully
littered with straw, and surrounded by
mud walls and thatched sheds. Gray
finished the ' Elegy ' in 1750. Was Stoke-
Pogis then unenclosed ?
By 1844 nearly 4,000 Enclosure Acts had been passed. A. C. C.
" Leaves the world to darkness and to rne " implies, perhaps, that milking-time is over, and that the cows are returning to their grazing-ground, since it is not cus- tomary to milk in the deepest dusk, or by lantern -light, in summer, when " the beetle wheels his droning flight." L. B. F.
The herd of cows were coming home in the evening to be milked, and, as they generally do, uttered the " lowing " to announce their coming. At one farm I knew years ago the cowman used to go into the yard, put his hands to his mouth, and call the cows by a prolonged " moo." He was at once answered by the cows, which set off towards home as fast as their full teats would allow them. Some herdmen blew a horn for the same purpose, and the cows knew what it meant. Another method of calling the cows at milking-time Was the cry of " Koosh " long drawn out. The cows need little calling, and, when the time for milking comes, will set their faces homewards, browsing as they slowly move. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
THE ROMAN RITE IN ENGLAND BEFORE THE REFORMATION (11 S. vii. 269). See Wordsworth and Littlehales's ' The Old Service Books of the English Church ' (1904), pp. 4, 231. Sarum privileges were confirmed in Scotland for Glasgow in 1172, and the Sarum customs in 1259. Lincoln customs were sent by request to Moray in 1212. In 1242 the Chapter of Moray, meeting at Elgin, confirmed the Lincoln constitution, and the manner of the Dean's election, " juxta quod obtinet in ecclesia Lincolni- ensi " ; but for the divine offices " in psal- lendo, legendo, et cantando, ac aliis ad divina spectantibus," they adopted the " ordo qui in ecclesia Salisbyriensi esse noscitur institutus." In 1213 St. Patrick's, Dublin, was made a cathedral church. In 1225, when the eastern part of the new cathedral church at Salisbury had been dedicated, and the daily mass ("Salve") of the Blessed Virgin instituted by Bishop Poore, H. de Loundres, Archbishop of Dublin, was among the celebrities present,
I and he acquired a copy of the Consuetudin-
ary of the then Bishop of Salisbury, which
was preserved at Dublin. Two years later
Gervase, Bishop of St. David's, introduced
one or two services " secundum ordinale
Sarum " for his church in Wales. At a
still earlier date (1226) the College of SS.
Stephen, Lawrence, Vincent, and Quintin,
founded at Mereval, Hants, was directed to
sing divine service " juxta Sarebiriam " ;
and in fact it was declared that by the year
1228 the " instituta Osmundi," the famous
Norman prelate of Old Sarum, were adopted
far and wide. This confirms the testimony
given by chroniclers and Pope Gregory IX,
himself in 1228, and Calixtus III. in 1456,
that the ordinal of Sarum, which was
ascribed to St. Osmund (canonized in 1456),
was followed and adopted throughout " the
Church of England," or " in England, Scot-
land, and Ireland." A. R. BAYLEY.
The Uses of Sarum, York, Lincoln, Bangor, Hereford, &c., represent in the main the Roman Rite as carried out in the eleventh century with a few local variations. See the articles on ' Liturgy,' by Dr. Adrian Fortescue, and on ' Sarum Rite,' by Abbot Bergh, O.S.B., in 'The Catholic Encyclo- paedia.' Abbot Bergh says that the Sarum Use was " propagated over the greater part of Scotland and of Ireland." See also the article ' Liturgies ' in ' A Catholic Dic- tionary.' JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
MEWCE : WASHINGTON'S CONNEXION WITH SELBY (11 S. vii. 102). MR. McPiKE of Chicago asks if the above " alleged pedigree " of Washington has ever been investigated by any readers of ' N. & Q.' In the early volumes were many interesting letters on the Washingtons' English home, but I do not remember having seen Selby put forward as the one. By the way, the article which MR. McPiKE mentions in The Magazine of History, New York, December, 1911, was possibly borro\ved from one of those in The Yorkshire Post, a few months previously, on the discovery of Washington's coat of 'arms in Selby Abbey.
However, Selby can hardly claim to be the natal place of the Washingtons so much as Warton, North Lancashire, and above all Ardwick-le-Street, Yorkshire. Major W. Newsome, R.E., must have spent years over the problem, for in his book (privately printed) he shows clearly the true connexions, and gives thirty-six lists of pedigrees, proving Yorkshire to be the true home of the Presi- dent's family. However, I have not time
