416
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[2"4 S. N 21., MAY 24. '56.
vcster Petra Sancta of the Society of Jesuits.
He published his invention in his Symbola He-
roica, small 4to., at Antwerp, in 1634. His great
heraldic work, Tessera Gentilities, he published
in folio at Rome in 1638. I possess both these
works. Both are rare : the Tesserce extremely
so. I could not find the Tessera; in the British
Museum. It has never occurred, to my know-
ledge, in any English catalogue. And some years
ago, on inquiry at Payne and Foss's, and at
Thorpe's, and elsewhere, I found that no book-
seller to whom I applied had ever so much as
heard of it. I got my copy at a sale in Rome in
1848.
The earliest English book in which I have seen the invention of Father Silv. Petra Sancta used is Byshe's edition of the three treatises, Sir Henry Spelman's Aspilogia, Upton de Studio Military and a treatise by De Bado Aureo in one volume. This was published in 1656 or 1658. I have not the book at hand: but it may be seen in the Bod- leian, where also, I think, there is a copy of the Tesserce. The engravings, each coat being from a separate copper plate, are admirably executed in the Tessera and in Byshe's volume.
Father Silv. Petra Sancta was also the author of spiritual works. D. P.
Begbrook.
"Ne h, Kome en 1590, mourut a Rome en 1C47." Vid. BibUoth, des Ecrivains de la Compagnie de JCsus, par MM, Backer, torn. i. p, 562.
'AAieu.
Dublin.
POPULAR NAMES OF LIVE-STOCK.
(2 nd S. i. 291.)
VINCENT having broached the subject of the appellations given to live stock on farms in " N. & Q.," it may not prove uninteresting to its readers to complete the list as used in Scotland, with the request that some of your agricultural readers may do the same for England.
Cuttle. The sire of the ox tribe is a bull, the dam a cow. Their progeny when newborn is a calf, the male being a bull-calf, the female a quey- calf, heifer-calf, or cow-calf : the bull-calf cas- trated is a slot-calf, and the quey-calf whose ovaries have been obliterated is a spayed-hcifer or spayed-quey. In the second year both young male and female are stirks, or the male is a steer or slot, and the female a quey or heifer, and both sexes are yearlings. In the third year the steer or stot is an ox. Beyond that time the bull is aged, the heifer assumes the name of cow, and the ox is still an ox. A castrated bull is a segg. An ox without horns is dodded or humbled. A cow or heifer that has received the bull is served or
bulled, and the cow or quey is then in calf, or are
in-calvers. A cow that suffers abortion, slips
her calf. A cow that cannot be impregnated
misses calf. A cow that slips or misses calf is then
an eill-cow. When a cow goes dry of milk she is
a geld~cow. A cow giving milk is a milk or milch
cow. When two calves are born at one birth,
they are twins, when three, trins. A quey calf of
twins of bull and quey calves is a free martin, and
never produces young, but exhibits no marks of a
hybrid. The male of the twins breeds. Whether
the quey of three at a birth with two bull calves
breeds or is barren is unknown. Query, can she,
or can she not, produce young? Cattle, black
cattle, horned cattle, and neat cattle, are all generic
terms for the ox tribe. Beast is a synonyme of
cattle.
Sheep. The sire of sheep is a ram or tup, the dam a ewe. The new born sheep is a lamb, and retains that name until weaned from its mother. It is a tup-lamb or ram-lamb when a male, a ewe- lamb when a female ; the tup-lamb when cas- trated is a hogg-lamb. After a Iamb has been weaned, until shorn of its first fleece, it is a hogg (not hog, with a single g, which is a name belong- ing to swine), a tup-hogg, ewe-hogg, or ivether- hogg. After the removal of the first fleece the tup-hogg becomes a shearling-tup, the ewe-hogg a gimmer, and the wether-hogg a dinmont. Hence Scott's character of Dandy Dinmont. When the second fleece has been removed, the ewe-hogg becomes a ewe, if she is in lamb ; but if Hot, she is a barren gimmer ; and if never have been put to the ram, a eild-gimmer : the shearling tup be- comes a two shear tup, and the dinmont a wether. A ewe three times shorn is a twinter ewe, and when four times shorn, an aged ewe : when it ceases to breed it is a draft-ewe, when it fails to be in lamb it is a tup-eill or barren-ewe, and when dry of milk a geld-eice. A gimmer unfit for breeding is a draft-gimmer, and lambs, dinmonts, and wethers, drafted out of fat or young stock, are sheddings, tails, or drafts.
Horses. The sire of horses is a stallion, or entire horse, the dam a mare. A new born horse is a foal, and a male is a colt-foal, a female a filly- foal ; after being weaned they are simply colt or filly. A colt remaining as it was born is an entire colt, when castrated a gelding or horse, and the filly assumes the name of mare, whether it is al- lowed to procreate or not. A mare when served is said to be covered or stinted to a stallion, and on bearing a foal she is ever after a brood mare. When failing to be in foal she is a barren or eill- mare, and when dry of milk a geld-mare.
Swine. The sire of swine is a boar or brawn, the dam a sow. When new born swine are called sucking-pigs, or simply pigs ; the males being boar pigs, the females sow pigs. A castrated male pig is a hog or shot, a female pig whose ovaries have
