334
NOTES AND QUERIES.
il OCT. 22,
quently interchanged; thus the property
" belonging to Marcellus " becomes Marcillac.
I have summarized M. de Jubainville's
results in Appendix V. of my book already
referred to. ISAAC TAYLOR.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH HOLBORN (9 th S. ii. 182, 252). Your correspondent COL. W. F. PRIDEAUX has, I see, "too much respect for the London County Council to think that that body, in the erection of a public monu- ment, should have perpetuated an historical error" by styling William, Lord Russell, "Lord William Russell." I should be sorry to weaken his touching confidence in the his- torical acumen of the Council a confidence which I do not altogether share but, in de- fence of my own accuracy as a copyist, I must repeat that the words on the memorial tablet in the floor of the bandstand in the middle of Lincoln's Inn Fields are exactly as I wrote them for your columns : " Lord Wil- liam Russell," not " William, Lord Russell." I quite agree with your correspondent whose encyclopaedic knowledge on London matters I have had frequent occasion to admire that the words on the tablet are wrong ; but I copied them as they are, not as he and I think they should have been. Litera scripta manet. He can see it for himself.
R. CLARK.
Waltharastow.
PATTENS (9 th S. i. 44, 336, 413, 471 ; ii. 95, 235). The overshoes ST. SWITHIN mentions (9 th S. i. 471) and describes as clogs, consisting of wooden jointed soles, with leather toecaps and heelpieces, are the articles which I said were not clogs at all. Nor are they such as those worn in Lancashire, Cheshire, and Derbyshire by mill-hands, for clogs proper are wooden soles without joints, witn com- plete upper leathers, which are laced in the usual way to keep them on the feet. These are the clogs which ST. SWITHIN, as I under- stood him, called " overshoes."
THOS. RATCLIFFE.
Worksop.
There was, and is, a considerable difference between pattens and clogs. The former con- sisted, and consist, of a wooden sole roughly carved in the shape of the human foot, a shoemakers understand that member, mounter on an oval ring of iron, so that the mount raised the wearer about two inches above the earth and enabled her to walk unwetted in miry ways ; leather straps and a heelpiece secured the patten to the foot. Of course a tremendous clatter attended the use of patten upon stony ground. The clog existed, anc
exists, in a somewhat more refined form than
that of the patten and its iron ring, as well
as in that clumsy shape Lancashire men
affected when in brutal combats they found
- he clog convenient for kicking each, other
with combats which were not seldom fatal, or the means of injuries lasting all the victim's lifetime. These clogs are simply rude wooden shoes, mostly tipped with iron, roughly shaped to the foot, and about an nch thick. The more refined variety of the clog had a thin wooden sole, which, to
- acilitate walking, was cut transversely in two
pieces ; these were attached to each other by a hinge. Dainty brass and polished leather appurtenances finished the article and made it suitable to a lady's wear. Both clogs and pattens are still worn in country places. I lot long since saw scores of pairs of both dnds hanging in the quaint shop of a general dealer in a Cornish village.
Horace Walpole wrote to Sir Horace Mann, 26 May, 1742 :
Now I talk of players, tell Mr. Chute t the Vyne, who was then in Florence] that his friend [Anne] Bracegirdle breakfasted with me this morning. As she went out [of the Minister's house in Downing Street] and wanted tier clogs, she turned to me, and said. ' I remember at the playhouse they used to call Mrs. Oldfield's chair ! Mrs. Barry's clogs ! and Mrs. Bracegirdle's pattens ! ' "
RIFLED FIREARMS (9 th S. i. 146, 377). The earliest patent in the Patent Office of London for rifling gun-barrels is dated 24 June, 1635. The smith undertakes " to rifle, cutt out, and screwe barrels, as wide or as close, or as deepe or as shallowe, as shalbe required, and with great ease." MYRMIDON.
CONVERSATION OF SHAKSPEARE (9 th S. ii. 284). ASTARTE will find Ben Jonson's remarks on Shakespeare in Jonson's ' W T orks,' ed. Gifford, 1846, p. 747. A. F. POLLARD.
ASTARTE will find the quotation from Ben Jonson in his ' Timber, or Discoveries,' under the heading 'De Shakespeare Nostrati.' Vide reprint in Messrs. Dent's excellent " Temple Classics," p. 35. A. R. BAYLEY.
St. Margaret's, Malvern.
" WHO SUPS WITH THE DEVIL," &C. (9 th S. ii.
124, 178, 295). It has already been pointed out that this proverb is found in Chaucer. My note on the line gives two references to Shakespeare and one to Marlowe. It occurs to me to give a hint to all whom it may con- cern that I give a list of thirty-seven proverbs in 'Piers Plowman,' under the heading 'Proverbs,' in the index to my 'Notes to
