Page:Notes and Queries - Series 9 - Volume 4.djvu/423

9*8. IV. DEC.2,'99.] 463 NOTES AND QUERIES. " palus marina, pratum litorale, insula parva,' was so called, perhaps, " quod e stagnis, quae poli vulgariter dicuntur, recuperata fuerit.' From the Dutch, jxAder has also entered the modern High German, where Polder is useti as a loan-word. Thus it is explained by Lexer, in vol. vii. of Grimm's German diet., as "angeschwemmtes, rings eingedeichtes Land." In the East Frisian-German dialect it is called poller or polder, and Doornkaat- Koolman is probably upon the right track in deriving it from }>6l, i. e., pool or marshy land = Latin prdut (see his ' Dictionary of the East Frisian Dialect,' vol. ii., Norden, 1882). H. K units. Oxford. PALAMEDES says that in Zuid Holland -older is used in the sense of English udder. Of. our dialectal elder, common in the Isle of Axholme and in other places. C. C. B. PRINCE AUGUSTUS OF PRUSSIA (9th S. iv. 307).—Born in 1790. died in 1843, the last of the collateral branch of Prussia. His father was Augustus Ferdinand, his mother Prin- cess Anne Eliza Louisa of Brandenburg- Schwerin. He studied war,artillery especially, and made his first campaign in 1806 against France. He was taken prisoner at Prenzlau, and carried by Napoleon to Berlin. Aa a prisoner of war he was at Nancy, Soissons, and Paris, receiving his freedom at the Peace of Tilsit. He then applied himself to the reorganization of the Prussian army, and fought in the campaigns following the retreat from Russia, and also at Waterloo. He was an active and vigorous man. There can be little difficulty in finding something about hinij considering the events in which he distinguished himself. There is a short sketch of his life in Didot's ' Biographie.' From the fact that H. B. 13. mentions artillery, I conclude this prince to be the Augustus referred to. But there was another Augustus (William), Prince of Prussia, brother of Frederick the Great. He was a fine soldier, but incurred his brother's displeasure in a later campaign. He died in 1758 at the age of thirty-six. GEORGE MARSHALL. Sefton Park, Liverjiool. Frederick William Henry Augustus, Prince of Prussia, General of Infantry and Inspector- General and Chief of Artillery, was born 19 September, 1779, at Friedrichsfelde. He was the youngest son of Prince Augustus Ferdinand, the brother of Frederick the Great, and the Margravine Anna Elizabeth Louisa of Brandenburg-Sell wedt. In 180C, as chief of a battalion of grenadiers, he took part in the battle of Jena. At Prenzlau he was taken prisoner by the French, and held in captivity for thirteen months. In August, 1808, he was made Major-General and Chief of Artillery. He gained further experience and promotion during the frequent fighting of 1813 and 1815, and died at Bromberg in 1843. On account of his services the East Prussian Regiment of Field Artillery is called the Prince Augustus of Prussia No. 1 Field Artillery Regiment. See Brockhaus's ' Kon- versations-Lexikon,'ii. 124. ARTHUR MAYALL. [Other replies acknowledged.] FOOT OUTLINES AS RECORDS OF A PIL- GRIMAGE OR VISIT (9th S. iv. 300).—Perhaps the following references to sacred footprints may be of some service to MR. GREEN : the Egyptian instance of the sandal of Perseus at Cneramis (Herodotus, ii. 91, with Sir J. G. Wilkinson's note ; Rawlinson, ii. 147); those of S. Remadi at Spa and of the devil in the gorge of Borrowdale (Southey, 'Common- place Book,' iii. 562); of the Irish magic cow, like those of the Hindu Kapila (Borlase, 1 Irish Dolmens,' iii. 885 ; ' Mahabharata, Vana Parva,' Ray's translation, ii. 271). The footmark of Buddha at Adam's Peak in Ceylon is discussed by Yule (' Marco Polo,' ii. 260 sea.; 'Cathay,' ii. 359); Cunningham (' Bhilsa Topes,' 107, 112); Tennent ('Ceylon,' ii. 132); Renaudot ('Ancient Accounts of India and China,' 3). The print of the foot of St. Magnus is to be seen in the Kirk of Buirich in South Ronaldshaw, in Orkney (Pennant, 'Tour in Scotland'; in Pinkerton, 1 Voyages,' iii. 159, 692). In Western America there are cases of footmarks of Quetzalcoatl and Wixepecocha (Bancroft, 'Native Races,' iii. 275, 455). In India such marks abound. I may refer for some instances to my ' Popular Religion and Folk-lore of Northern India,' second edition, ii. 199 teq. To these may be added From the Bombay Presidency one of the Prophet at Ahmadabad (' Bombay Gazetteer,' Iv. 291, note); of a cow on a lingam at Balachari, in Kathiawar (ibid., viii. 375); of the Mahratta hero Sivaji at Mai van. in liatnagiri (ibid., x. 350) ; two at Marol, in Thana (ibid., xiv. 229); of the saint Datta- treya at Tungar, in Thana (ibid., xiv. 367); of a cow at Virar, in Thana (ibid., xiv. 382, 389); engravings of such marks are given in plate iii., ibid., xiv., 390, 392 ; of Mankes- war, an attendant of Siva, at Gokarna, in Kunara (ibid., xv. (2), 294); of Rama, at XVisik (ibid., xvi. 518 ; cf. Growse, ' Hamayaria of Tulasi Das,' 321); a modern instance on ho tomb of a Hindu mason at Khandala,