492
NOTES AND QUERIES. [9 th s. v. JUNE 23, im
Gosford, Earl of, 1884, April 21 and 10 days. P.
Gossett, Rev. I., 1813, June 7 and 22 days. S.
Gough, Richard, 1810, April 5 and 19 days. S.
Graham, Sir James R. G., 1861, Dec. 19-21. P.
Graham, Bishop John, 1866, March 8 and 4 days.
Granville, John, Earl, 1763, March 26 and 6 days
Prestage. Grave, Robert, 1803, April 18 and 7 days. S.
1826, May 4-5. S.
Graves, Francis, 1864, July 14-15. S.
Gray, the poet (MSS.), 1851, Aug. 28. S.
Gresley, Sir Roger, 1838, May 22-24. E.
Greville, R. K., 1867, Jan. 10-11. S.
Grinfield, Rev. E. W., 1865, Jan. 11-13. S.
Guild, J. Wyllie, 1888, April 16 and 9 days. T
Chapman & Sons, Edinburgh. The last day o
this sale comprised a remarkable collectioi
of books, engravings, miniatures, &c., of anc
relating to Mary, Queen of Scotland.
Guildford, Earl of, Part 11., 1829, Jan. 12 and
5 days. E.
Gutch, J. M., F.S.A., 1858, March 16 and 8 days. S Gwilt, Joseph, F.S.A., 1854, May 31 to June 2. P. Gwinnett, Mrs. Emilia, 1816, Oct. 22-24. S.
W. ROBERTS.
47, Lansdowne Gardens, S.W. (To be continued.)
THE Loss OF "w" IN SCANDINAVIAN. We
have had some discussion as to whether the
loss of w in woman in our dialects is due to
the influence of Scandinavian or Celtic. No
evidence has yet been adduced on either
side, so I propose to give some examples of
its frequency in Scandinavian.
In Icelandic initial w was frequently dropped before the vowels o and u. The later Icelandic of the middle and modern periods has turned every w into v ; so that the fact is somewhat obscured.
However, where English has wolf, wonder, wool, wort, wound, wierd (i.e., fate), Icelandic has ulfr, undr, ull, urt (orjurt), urdr. Observe the very form ull which is wanted to produce the Scottish W.*
Where English has wood (in the sense of mad), Woden, word, worm, Icelandic has odr, Odinn, ord, and orm. The Mid.-Eng. wonen, to dwell, comes out as una, and the verb to work is represented by yrkja. But by far the most striking examples are seen in the con- jugation of the strong verbs. Thus examples of u for wu appear in ullu, pt. t. pi. of vella, to boil (O. Icel. wella) ; ultu, pt. t. pi. of velta, to roll (cf. E. welter) ; urdu, pt. t. pi. of verda, to become ; urpu, pt. t. pi. of verpa, to throw ; undinn, pp. of vinda, to wind ; unninn, pp. of vinna* to win ; sulgu, pt. t. pi. of svelgja, to swallow ; sullu, pt. t. pi. of svella, to swell ; sultu, pt. t. pi. of svelta, to die ; surju, pt. t.
- The habit is quite general. The Swedish for
"wool" is till, ana the Danish is idd ; and so on for other words.
pi. of sverfa, to file ; summu, pt. t. pi. of
svimma, to swim. Examples of o for wo
appear in ojinn, woven ; ollinn, welled, i.e.,
boiled ; oltinn, pp. of velta (above) ; ordinn,
pp. of verda ; orpinn, pp. of verpa ; thorrinn,
pp. of thverra, to wane ; solginn, swallowed ;
sollinn, swollen ; sorfinn, pp. of sverfa ;
horfinn, pp. of hverfa, to rotate.
We even find o for wo ; thus the pt. t. of v ada, to wade, is od, not wod ; and the pt. t. of vaxa, to wax or grow, is ox.
Here are over thirty examples by way of a beginning, which is pretty good.
We find the same characteristic in the work of Norman scribes. Thus, in 'Haye- lok the Dane ' we have wlf for wulf, which was certainly pronounced oolf, as a com- parison of examples shows ; and this is how the Welsh came by the symbol w for the sound of oo. We all know that w was a Norman symbol that replaced the Saxon symbol called wen in the thirteenth cen- tury. WALTER W. SKEAT.
DANISH CHURCH, W ELLCLOSE SQUARE. The following transcript of a MS. I have ately found among some old papers and deeds seems worthy of beine preserved in N. & Q.':-
An account of, the Building, Charges, and inishing, &c., of the Danish Church in Well Close Square.
M.DC.XCVI
Che Kings Patent under the Great
Seal ............... 60
Attorneys Bill for Drawing of Con-
tracts, &c ............. 22
Baying the Foundation, and Brick-
layers Work ............ 761
Mason's Work ............ 1004
Carpenter's Do ............. 668
Plumber's ............... 276
'laisterers ............ 208
oyners ......... ... 460
Smith's ............... 242
Carvers ............... 96
Glaziers ............ ... 37
d.
'ainting and Gilding
Upholdsters for Lineing of Pews,
and the Pews for Prince George
with Velvet .........
lat Stones to Lay the Floor ...
Charges on the Pulpit ......
undry Labourers Work
leasuring the Work ......
undry Charges paid by the Parson Wanting of Trees ......
undry other Charges
L n Organ ......
k.n Altar-piece
4608 5 2
Mr. Gibber the Architect took nothing for his rouble and the Pulpit was given by Prince George F Denmark,
167
83
13
5
11
20 75 10 82 225 50
9
6 14 17
6 11 12 16
5 19
10
1
3
6
14
7 2
7
11
3
5
2 4
H
