9 s. vm. SEPT. 28, i9oi.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
267
daughter, Alicia, who married Sir John de
Sanford, Knt., and had issue Roger de San-
ford, who left a daughter and coheiress, Joan,
married to Henry Dayrell, of Hanworth, co.
Middlesex ; Alan and Nicholas* (Morarit,
ii. 56) ; and Gilbert, who succeeded to Tyburn.
Alice de Sanford was therefore the niece of
Fulk Basset, Bishop of London, and he seems
by right of relationship to have had the best
right to her guardianship. I also think it
probable that the two archbishops of Dublin
were illegitimate sons of Gilbert de Sanford,
and that after his death the Bishop of London
extended his protection to them. The family
of Sanford was settled at Aston Sanford,
co. Bucks (Lipscomb, i. 42), and I should be
grateful if any correspondent could furnish
any details which may contribute to a further
knowledge of the family. Sir John de San-
ford is stated in the collections of Richard
St. George, fol. 141, quoted by Morant, ii. 56,
to have founded the priory of Blackmore in
Essex, though other authorities are of opinion
that this foundation was due to two other
members of the family, Adam and Jordan de
Sanford. The church of Tyburn was appro-
priated to this priory during the episcopate
of William de Sancta Maria (1198-1221).
W. F. PRIDEAUX.
BARRAS (9 th S. viii. 202, 228). It is a pleasure
to refer CANON TAYLOR to a most probable
source of this name. Applied to the pali-
sades girding the ground in front of mediaeval
towns and fortresses, or enclosing the lists in
which tilting was practised, the word "barras"
or "barrace" in many different places came to
be so associated with locality as to become a
significant component part of local nomen-
clature. A number of references to the use
and prevalence of the thing and its bearing
on place-names will be found by reference to
my ' Trial by Combat,' index, voce " barras " ;
also to Ren wick's ' Glasgow Protocols,'
No. 1,112. A part of the outskirt of the
burgh of Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, is still
called the Barras. In 1486 there is charter
reference to a marsh, or " strother," beside
it, "una marresia vulgariter nuncupata a
strudire juxta le Berresdikis " ('Registrurn
Magni Sigilli. 1424-1513,' No. 1,650) ; and in
1545 a holding of ground is described as the
"tenementum terre apud Barres" ('Reg.
Mag. Sig., 1513-1546,' No. 3,148). There are,
besides, other places in Scotland of the same
- Nicholas de Sanford held Aston Sanford in
1234, and died 23 January, 1252. Another daughter, Cecilia, was governess of Eleanor, sister of King Henry HI., and died 23 July, 1251. She married Sir William de Gorham, who died circa 1230.
name ; for instance, Barras, an ancient man-
sion in Kincardineshire. While distinctly
enough proved in Scotland to be an influence
in the naming of places, the palisade of
chivalric times very likely was a like force
in some degree in England too Thus, as we
have Barrasyett, Barrasgate and the like in
Scotland, we have Barrasford in Northumber-
land, which may well take its name from the
outworks of Haughton Castle. At any rate,
with a mediaeval word of such widespread
service one need be at no difficulty in
rationally surmising how such a surname as
Barras might arise. Though not a common
personal name, it is well known as such in
Scotland ; and although the history of the
term, as a technicality of the fortifications
of the Middle Ages, need not constrain any
such conclusion as absolutely necessary, yet
perhaps on the whole the indications suggest
a Northern source. GEO. NEILSON.
DE NUNE (9 fcb S. viii. 203). De Nune (whose Christian name I have not yet been able to discover) must for a short period at least have been in Scotland, and there, perhaps from his foreign antecedents, was au mieux with the Jacobite party. He painted my ancestor Thomas Ruddiman, the grammarian (the portrait is engraved by Bartolozzi, and is the frontispiece of his ' Life ' by George Chalmers, 1794), and also his wife, nee Anna Smith two fine portraits, which still exist. Another portrait he painted was that of the Rev. William Harper. This was engraved by Sir Robert Strange, and the engraving is now a rare one. A. FRANCIS STEUART.
29, Great King Street, Edinburgh.
A CURIOUS BADGE (9 th S. viii. 122). The description given identifies this badge with that worn by the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, which is an Americanized version of the English Order of Odd Fellows.
N. W. J. HAYDON.
Boston, Mass.
SIR IGNATIUS WHITE, BART. (9 th S. viii. 224). In answer to MR. MAUNSELL, Dal ton's 'Army List' gives the names of most officers serving temp. Charles II. and James II. A copy can be seen at the British Museum.
S. G. D.
AMERICAN WORDS : " LINKUMFIDDLE " (9 th S. viii. 183). In John Ashton's * Old Times ' (1885), facing p. 60, will be found (amongst other reproductions of caricatures of eigh- teenth-century bucks) a picture entitled "Jimmy Liricum Feadle 1791." The letter- press seems to imply that this was one of the eighteenth-century slang phrases for a beau.
