of them burned, and the post was reconstructed in 1856-57, rather elaborately. A Captain Thomas Jordan had charge of the new construction. There is no record of any fortifications or defenses, either before or after the reconstruction. The reservation at first very large, was finally reduced to 640 acres, with the northeast corner at the mouth of Mill Creek. In 1905 the Old Fort Dalles Historical Society secured possession of the only remaining building, the Surgeon's quarters. This building is now used by the society as a museum and is visited by a great many people each year. It was built in 1858 and its design gives a good idea of Fort Dalles after the development of 1856-57.
FORT FLOURNOY, Douglas County. Fort Flournoy was a settlers defense blockhouse built in the Flournoy Valley in 1855. It was never actually used. Walling, in his History of Southern Oregon, page 419, says the structure was built of hewn logs, about 18 feet square, with the superstructure about 28 feet square. This was a typical method of blockhouse construction. The building was still standing in 1883 a couple of miles west of Lookingglass.
FORT GEORGE, Clatsop County. The North West Company took over Astoria and the Astor enterprise in October, 1813, and the Astor post was named Fort George, presumably in compliment to King George III. Franchere says that the bargain for the transfer was signed on October 23, 1813, but he does not say that the name was changed on that date. Captain William Black of the British sloop of war Racoon was in the Columbia River in December and pulled down the American flag on December 12 or 13. In his report to the Admiralty Black says that he named the post Fort George. Fort George was technically returned to the United States October 6, 1818, but continued as a British post. Americans revived Astoria many years later. The compiler has been unable to find any contemporaneous record that the Astorians used the expression Fort Astor. They referred to the post as Astoria. Franchere says the Northwesters planned to move the factory to Tongue Point, but this was not done. A diagram of Fort George as of 1818 is on file at the Oregon Historical Society and shows it to be a substantial installation, more than 150 by 200 feet, with a stockade and other defenses. A note on the diagram shows that the original Astoria establishment was about 75 by 110 feet, apparently not fortified. In 1930 workmen excavating in Astoria found remains of the stockade, probably the north wall, running from Fifteenth to Sixteenth streets, between Duane and Exchange streets. A plan of the fort has been painted on the sidewalks and pavements in this vicinity.
FORT HARNEY, Harney County. During the Indian outbreaks of the '60s, there were a number of army camps in southeast Oregon, but most of them were temporary. It seems to have been the plan of the authorities to make Fort Harney something more permanent. However, the place was a fort in name only if evidence can be relied on. Fort Harney was established August 16, 1867, and was first called Camp Steele. On September 14, 1867, the name was changed to Fort Harney in compliment to Major-General W. S. Harney. See under HARNEY COUNTY. The post was near the mouth of Rattlesnake Creek and about two miles east of north of what was later the community of Harney. In 1864 troops had been in this vicinity at a place called Rattlesnake Camp. In January, 1944, Archie McGowan of Burns wrote the compiler: "A portable
