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they were buried with such honour as a martyr for the cause of Hellas deserved; and Oikonomos made an impassioned funeral oration over the grave. In 1871 the relics were brought to Athens, and now outside the Athenian University there stands a statue of the old martyr-Patriarch.^[1] The very latest affairs of the Œcumenical Patriarchate are as confused and unedifying as any part of its long history. In 1894 Lord Neophytos VIII occupied the see. He was a prelate who really cared for the dignity and independence of his Church, and by way of restoring them he ventured on a feeble attempt at resisting the tyranny of the Porte in canonical matters. But when he asked the other Orthodox Churches to help him (Russia could have claimed almost anything as the acknowledged protector of all Orthodox Rayahs), their jealousy of the Phanar was so much greater than their zeal for ecclesiastical independence that no one would do anything. The Bulgarian trouble, to which of course he could not put an end, alienated his own friends—they always seem to accuse the perfectly helpless Patriarch when the Bulgars become specially unbearable—so the Porte had no difficulty in making them depose him. On October 25 (O.S.), 1894, the synod and the mixed council agreed that he must resign, and a deputation of five members waited on him to inform him of their unanimous decision. So Neophytos VIII had to go back to private life in his house on the Antigone Island.^[2] Having got rid of the Patriarch, the synod and the mixed council quarrelled so badly about his successor that their members excommunicated each other, and things came to an absolute block, till the Minister of Religions, Riza Pasha, wrote to say that he had annulled all their acts, and that they were to elect a new Patriarch at once. In defiance of the law the Porte struck off seven names from the first list of twenty-eight candidates which was sent up; one of these names was that of Germanos of Heraclea, who would otherwise almost certainly have been chosen. The popular candidate was the

1. Kyriakos, iii. p. 20; W. A. Phillips, War of Greek Independence, pp. 76-77.
2. It was here that Professor Gelzer visited him in 1899 (Geistl. u. Weltl. pp. 48-50). He lives with his nephew, who is a doctor.