derivation of words.
71
Abstract and Verbal Nouns
- 58. An abstract noun may be formed from an
adjective, simple or compound, or from a noun, by the addition of yāe ma'rūf, as, یِ.
- (a) From an adjective :
goodness, nekī, from nek, good,
the possessing of the world, royalty, jahān dārī,
- from jahān dār, world-possessing,
idleness, bekārī, from bekār, idle.
- (b) From a noun :
friendship, dostī, from dost, a friend,
manliness, mardī, from mard, a man.
entertainment, mihmānī, from mihmān, a guest,
sovereignty, bādshāhī, from bādshāh, a king.
- If the primitive word ends in obscure ة, the ة is
suppressed, and the letter گ is inserted, as :
sadness, āzurdagī, from āzurda, sad.
infamy, bachchagī, ,, bachcha, a child,
slavery, bandagī, ,, banda, a slave.- 59. Verbal Nouns are formed by changing ن, of
the infinitive into ار, as:--
speech, guftār from guftan.
motion, raftār, ,, raftan.
seeing, dīdār, ,, dīdan
