Page:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A - Volume 184.djvu/356

Current from red to blue.

$v$	=	00.50	00.47	.41	.40.	Mean,	00.44 centim. per hour.
$\mathrm {G}$	=	49.8	49.8			Mean,„	49°.8

Current from red to blue.

$v$	=	00.41	00.45	00.48	00.47	00.34	.43.	Mean,	00.43 centim. per hour.
$\mathrm {G}$	=	49.6	49.1	48.8	49.0	48.7		Mean,„	49°.0

Thus the velocity is practically the same in both directions, and the mean values are $v=0.42$ centim. per hour and $\mathrm {G} =49^{\circ }.2$.

The conductivity of the chloride was found by Fitzpatrick’s method to be $2.86\times 10^{-13}$ C.G.S. units, which gives

$v_{1}=v\mathrm {A} /\gamma r_{\perp }=$ 0.000026 centim. per second

for the velocity of chlorine in this solution. We see at once from this result, that conductivity and specific ionic velocity for different solvents are, at any rate approximately, proportional to each other. The conductivity of these alcohol solutions is about one-tenth, or rather less, that of an aqueous solution of a neutral salt of equivalent strength, and we see that the ionic velocity of chlorine is reduced to rather less than one-tenth of its usual value for aqueous solution. This confirms the result at which we have already arrived, viz., that all the molecules are concerned, at any rate in turn, in the process of electrolysis, and that the cause of the increased resistance is a decrease in the average ionic velocity.

In order to obtain the velocity of the cobalt ion, solutions of cobalt and calcium chlorides were set up of strength 0.05 grm. equivalent.

Current upwards.

$v$	=	00.30	00.26	00.20	00.24.	Mean,	000.25.
$\mathrm {G}$	=	45.8	45.4	45.6	45.4	Mean,„	45°.6

Current downwards.

$v$	=	00.26	00.24.	Mean,	000.25.
$\mathrm {G}$	=	46.9	48.0.	Mean,„	47°.5

Current upwards.

$v$	=	00.30	00.21	.26	.28.	Mean,	000.26.
$\mathrm {G}$	=	47.9	47.0			Mean,„	47°.4