Seleucid era, Phraates had at least four queens: Olennieire, Cleopatra, Baseirta, and Bistheibanaps.[1]
On May 12,[2] 20 b.c., when Augustus was in Syria, the prisoners and standards were surrendered to Tiberius, who was commissioned to receive them.[3] One can hardly appreciate how large this event loomed in the eyes of contemporaries, even in view of the numerous literary references, until one turns to numismatics. The restoration of the standards was recorded on coins struck in the Asiatic, Spanish, imperatorial, and senatorial mints.[4] Indeed, most of the legends which relate to contemporary events are concerned with Parthian affairs. Augustus thought the return of the standards important enough to boast of it in his record a copy of which is preserved as the Monumentum Ancyranum.[5] The event was celebrated in
- ↑ Avroman II; see E. H. Minns, "Parchments of the Parthian Period from Avroman in Kurdistan," JHS XXXV (1915), 22–65. The document bears the date 291, i.e., 21/20 b.c. if the era is Seleucid, a.d. 44/45 if it is Arsacid. For further bibliography on the parchment see p. 47, n. 70; see also p. 170, n. 87.
- ↑ Ovid Fasti v. 545 ff.; CIL, I (2d ed.), pp. 229 and 318.
- ↑ Suet. Augustus 21. 3 and Tiberius 9. 1; Justin xlii. 5. 11 f.; Livy Epit. cxli; Vell. Pat. ii. 91. 1; Florus ii. 34. 63; Eutrop. Brev. vii. 9; Orosius vi. 21. 29; Horace Od. iv. 15. 6–8 and Epist. i. 12. 27 f. and 18. 56 f.; Ovid Tristia ii. 227 f. and Fasti v. 579 f. and vi. 465–68; Strabo vi. 4. 2 and xvi. 1. 28; Vergil Aeneid vii. 605 f.; Propertius iv. 6. 79–82; Orac. Sibyl. v. 47 ff. See also the later statue of Augustus in CAH, Plates, IV, 148 a and 150.
- ↑ Harold Mattingly and E. A. Sydenham, The Roman Imperial Coinage, I (London, 1923), 46; 63, Nos. 46 ff.; 70, Nos. 98 ff.; 84, No. 256; 86, Nos. 302 ff.
- ↑ Mon. Ancyr. v (29).
