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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY.
is usually expanded from four to eight times. The Leavitt compound engseine is shown in Fig. 21.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/PSM_V12_D158_Leavitt_pumping_engine.jpg/300px-PSM_V12_D158_Leavitt_pumping_engine.jpg)
Fig. 21.—Leavitt's Pumping-Engine, 1875.
In this engine the lower ends, A, B, of the two cylinders are brought close together under the centre of the beam, thus shortening
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/PSM_V12_D158_Worthington_compound_pumping_engine_1870.jpg/430px-PSM_V12_D158_Worthington_compound_pumping_engine_1870.jpg)
Fig. 22.—The Worthington Compound Pumping-Engine, 1870.