Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 51.djvu/663

barbed head in the wound, and the deer would go off, "sleep one night, and then die."

Geese, gulls, and other large fowls were shot with arrows that had long, five-sided heads of walrus ivory, not very sharp and barbed on one edge, while for hunting small birds they used an arrow with a blunt, club-shaped head made of reindeer antler. Such an arrow kills a small bird or little animal like a lemming or ground squirrel by stunning it, and does not tear a great hole in it. The boys' arrows nowadays are often headed with empty copper cartridge cases, and I have seen one of these shot clean through the body of a small bird.

The bow was carried, strung ready for use, in a sheath of tanned sealskin slung across the shoulders in such a way that it could easily be drawn out under the right arm. Nowadays they carry their rifles in similar sheaths.

Attached to the sheath was a quiver, also of sealskin, in which they used to keep an assortment of arrows, some of each kind, according to the hunter's needs.

All the Eskimos draw the bow like European archers that is, by hooking the fore and middle fingers round the bowstring, with the arrow clasped between the fingers, instead of pinching the butt of the arrow between the finger and thumb, like most Indians.

As the bow is now practically nothing but a plaything among the Eskimos of the Northwest, it will probably not be many years before it entirely disappears, as it has in Greenland.

 

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Putting aside "supposed portraits" and such as might be termed "fancy portraits" having no claim to authenticity, Mr. W. Carruthers has satisfied himself of the existence of eight portraits of Linnæus that were evidently painted or drawn from life, and have been copied more or less frequently by different engravers. The earliest was painted by Hoffmann in 1737, while Linnæus was working for his patron, Cliffort, at Hartecamp, and represents him at the age of thirty in the picturesque dress in which he traveled through Lapland. Of the next portrait, an engraving by Ehrensverd in 1740, no original is known to exist. In 1747 two pencil sketches of Linnæus, forty years of age, one sketch being a full length, were made by Rehm. Five years later a fine pastel was executed by Lundberg. Scheffel, in 1755, painted him at the age of forty-eight; and this portrait was painted by Krafft, and was placed originally in the Medical College of Stockholm, of which Linnaeus was one of the founders. It was supposed to be lost, but had been removed to the Royal Academy of Sciences at Stockholm, where Mr. Carruthers discovered it. The latest portrait was that by Roslin, painted in 1775, when Linnaeus was in his sixty-eighth year. A fine copy of this by Pasch, presented to Sir Joseph Banks, and given by him to Robert Brown, hangs in the library of the Linnean Society.