776
different widths and place them on the same numbered lines on the pattern. Mark with a cross and then connect these crosses with a curve and you will have the pattern for the hole.
The next problem, Fig. 2, that of the measure, gives us four patterns to de- velop, all of which are very interesting. The drawing appears somewhat compli- cated on account of overlapping Hnes, but if you will follow the directions care- fully you will have no difficulty.
Government Proportions for Graduating Liquid Measures
Before we develop the patterns^it might be well to know the U. S. Government proportions for liquid measures. No matter what the size of the measure, the diameter of the bottom must equal
��Popular Science Monthly
��Patterns
���Protractor
��two-thirds of the vertical height, the di- ameter of the top must equal two-thirds of the diameter of the bottom.
���same The method used in Fig. 2 is as follows: To develop the pattern for the body of the measure. First, draw the front view A, the correct size and pro- portion, continue the side lines up to the apex B and draw the one-half bottom view C. Second, with the dividers strike the pattern arc D-E getting the correct length by stepping the eight spaces of the bottom view. Third, strike the arc F-G and the one-half pattern will be complete. This series has been running long enough now for those of you who have worked out all the problems to be ready to adopt "short cuts" and quick methods. The use of the one-half bottom view and the development of the one-half pattern ' are simple " short cuts," others will be « demonstrated later.
��� �LIQUID MEASURES
� � �Sizes in inches
� �Size
�Height Diameter
�Diameter
� �liase
�Top
�1 gallon
�9.80 6.53
�4.35
�M "
�7.78 .5.18
�3.45
�1 quart
�6.17 4.11
�2.74
�1 pint
�4.90 3.27
�2.18
�i^ pint
�3.89 2.59
�1.73
�1 gill
�3.09 2.06 FI..\RING P.MLS
�1.37
�Size
�Height Diameter
�Diameter
� �IJase
�Top
�2 quarts
�4 inches 4^^ inches
�6]4 inches
�1 f,'iillon
�51^ " 5
�6M "
�C ()ii;irt.s
�6K " 5J^ "
�OH "
�a fjallon
�71^ " 6
�lOH "
�10 quarts
�H "7
�IIH "
�14 <|iiart.s
�9 " 9
�13
��No matter what the size the method of developing the patterns is exactly the
��A pattern development for a ninety-degree tapered elbow of any number of pieces
To develop the pattern for the lip which is merely part of a cone, the apex of which is at H: First, draw the outline of the lip, then draw the complete cone of which it is a part by continuing the side lines. Second, draw the one-half bottom view J. Divide it into eight equal spaces. Project these points to the base line, then to the apex //, where these lines cross the outline of the lip. Draw lines straight over to the side line to get the true lengths as you have done before on previous problems. Third, draw the pattern arc K-L, getting the correct length by laying off the eight spaces from the bottom view. Draw lines from these points to the apex //. Now swing the lines over from the side line until they cross the same numbered line coming up from the arc K-L. Make a cross where the lines cross, connect with a curve, draw the arc for the lip to join on to the body and the one-half pattern for the lip is complete.
�� �
