The author gives citations from several chronicles of the middle ages, descriptive of the remarkable appearance of shooting stars which occurred on the 4th of April, 1095, on the testimony of independent witnesses both in France and England. One of them describes them as " falling like a shower of rain from heaven upon the earth :" and in another case, a bystander, having noted the spot where the aerolite fell, " cast water upon it, which was raised in steam, with a great noise of boiling." The Chronicle of Rheims describes the appear- ance as if all the stars in heaven were driven, like dust, before the wind. A distinct account of the shooting stars of July 26th, 1293, is given by Matthew Paris.
March 12. 1840.
The MARQUIS of NORTHAMPTON, President, in the Chair.
A paper was read, entitled "On certain variations of the mean height of the Barometer, mean temperature and depth of Rain, connected with the Lunar Phases, in the cycle of years from 1815 to 1823." By Luke Howard, Esq., F.R.S.
The table given in this paper contains the results of calculations relating to the objects specified in the title ; cast into periods of six, seven, or eight days, so as to bring the day of the lunar phase be- longing to it in the middle of the time. The observations were all made in the neighbourhood of London. It appears from them that in the period of the last quarter of the moon the barometer is highest, the temperature a little above the mean, and the depth of rain the smallest. In the period of the new moon, both the barometer and temperature are considerably depressed, and the rain increased in quantity. The influence of the first quarter shows itself by the farther depression of the barometer ; but the temperature rises almost to the point from which it had fallen, and the rain still in- creases, but not in an equal ratio. Lastly, the full moon again re- duces the temperature ; while the barometer attains its maximum mean height, and the quantity of rain is the greatest. Thus it appears, that during this lunar cycle, the approach of the last quarter is the signal for the clearing up of the air, and the return of sunshine.
A paper was also read, entitled " On the theory of the dark bands formed in the solar spectrum from partial interception by transparent plates." By the Rev. Baden Powell, M.A., F.R.S., Savilian Professor of Geometry in the University of Oxford.
This paper contains the mathematical investigation of the phenomena of peculiar dark bands crossing the prismatic spectrum, when half the pupil of the eye, looking through the prism, is covered by a thin plate of any transparent substance, the edge being turned from the violet towards the red end of the spectrum ; and which
