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l8 STUDY OUTLINE ON 2. Byelinski and Herzen. a Vissarion Grigorevich Byelinski (Bielinski), 1810- 1848. The real creator of Russian literary and jour- nalistic criticism. A. Bruckner. (1) His life. (2) Byelinski as a critic. (3) His influence on Russian authors. b Alexander Herzen (Gertsen), 1812-1870. He is as a spirit, among the Russians of this century, what the year 1848 is among the years of the century. He is the year 1848 in human form, an incarnation of all the ideas which that year came to the front and of all the noble struggles for liberty which were then set in motion. Georg Brandes. (1) His life. (2) His writings. (3) His influence. Recommended Reading Byelinski. The natural school. In Wiener. Anthology of Rus- sian literature, p. 206-16. Herzen. Slavophiles and Panslavisim. In Wiener. Anthology of Russian literature, v. 2, p. 237-42. References Baring. Outline of Russian literature, p. 150-3. Brandes. Impressions of Russia, p. 555-62. Bruckner. Literary history of Russia, p. 274-83, 299-308, 312-16. Hapgood. Survey of Russian literature, p. 139-41. Kropotkin. Russian literature, p. 271-5, 288-90; Same. Kropotkin. Ideals and realities in Russian literature, p. 271-5, 288-90. Pardo-Bazan. Russia : its people and its literature, p. 132-40. Waliszewski. History of Russian literature, p. 197-203, 301-9.