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40
KULLAVAGGA
IV, 14, 6.

or ugly, or a dwarf[1], or diseased, or blind of one eye, or lame, or humpbacked, or crippled, people find fault with him on that account. This is how the body gives rise to legal questions of censure.

'And how does speech give rise to legal questions of censure? In case a man have a bad voice, or be indistinct, or harsh in speech[2], then people find fault with him on that account. This is how speech gives rise to legal questions of censure.

6. 'And what is it that gives rise to legal questions of offence? There are six origins of offence that give rise to legal questions of offence. There is an offence that originates in deed, but not in word nor in thought. There is an offence that originates in word, but not in deed nor in thought. There is an offence that originates in deed and in word, but not in thought. There is an offence that originates in deed and in thought, but not in word. There is an offence that originates in word and in thought, but not in deed. There is an offence that originates in deed and in word and in thought. These are the six (&c.)

7. 'And what is that which gives rise to legal questions of business? There is one thing that gives rise to legal questions of business, that is to say, the Samgha.


  1. Buddhaghosa has no explanation of these terms here, but on Aṅguttara Nikâya III, 2, 3, where the whole list recurs, he says (as Dr. Morris is good enough to inform us) that okotimako is equal to lakuntako; and the same explanation is given by the commentary on Puggala IV, 19. Compare the use in English of 'a mere dot of a man,' in a similar sense.
  2. These three epithets of the voice are no doubt intended to be the opposites of the three in Mahâvagga V, 13, 9.