a. Thus, from the roots इ i and आस् ās:
active. | middle. | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
s. | d. | p. | s. | d. | p. | |
1 | अयानि áyāni |
अयाव áyāva |
अयाम áyāma |
आसै ā́sāi |
आसावहै ā́sāvahāi |
आसामहै ā́sāmahāi |
2 | इहि ihí |
इतम् itám |
इत itá |
आस्स्व ā́ssva |
आसाथाम् ā́sāthām |
आद्ध्वम् ā́ddhvam |
3 | एतु étu |
इताम् itā́m |
यन्तु yántu |
आस्ताम् ā́stām |
आसाताम् ā́sātām |
आसताम् ā́satām |
b. From the roots dviṣ and duh and lih:
1 | dvéṣāṇi | dvéṣāva | dvéṣāma | dvéṣāi | dvéṣāvahāi | dvéṣāmahāi |
2 | dviḍḍhí | dviṣṭám | dviṣṭá | dvikṣvá | dviṣā́thām | dviḍḍhvám |
3 | dvéṣṭu | dviṣṭā́m | dviṣántu | dviṣṭā́m | dviṣā́tām | dviṣátām |
1 | dóhāni | dóhāva | dóhāma | dóhāi | dóhāvahāi | dóhāmahāi |
2 | dugdhí | dugdhám | dugdhá | dhukṣvá | duhā́thām | dhugdhvám |
3 | dógdhu | dugdhā́m | duhántu | dugdhā́m | duhā́tām | duhátām |
1 | léhāni | léhāva | léhāma | léhāi | léhāvahāi | léhāmahāi |
2 | līḍhí | līḍhám | līḍhá | likṣvá | lihā́thām | līḍhvám |
3 | léḍhu | līḍhā́m | lihántu | līḍhā́m | lihā́tām | lihátām |
618. The 2d sing. act. ending tāt is found in the older language in a few verbs of this class: namely, vittā́t, vītāt, brūtā́t, hatāt, yātāt, stutāt. In 3d sing. mid., two or three verbs have in the older language the ending ām: thus, duhā́m (only RV. case), vidām, çayām; and in 3d pl. mid. AV. has duhrā́m and duhratām. The use of tana for ta in 2d pl. act. is quite frequent in the Veda: thus, itana, yātána, attana, etc. And in stota, éta étana, bravītana, çāstána, hantana, we have examples in the same person of a strong (and accented) stem.
5. Present Participle.
619. a. The active participle has the ending अन्त् ánt (weak stem-form अत् at) added to the unstrengthened root. Mechanically, it may be formed from the 3d pl. by dropping the final इ i. Thus, for the verbs inflected above, the active participles are यन्त् yánt, दुहन्त् duhánt, द्विषन्त् dviṣánt, लिहन्त् lihánt. The feminine stem ends usually in अती atī́: thus, यती yatī́, दुहती duhatī́, द्विषती dviṣatī́, लिहती lihatī́: but, from roots in ā, in आन्ती ā́ntī or आती ātī́ (449 g).