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lect. vi.

OTHELLO

213

or in service, than Iago. Iago, for instance, never calls him ‘young,’ as he does Roderigo; and a mere youth would not have been made Governor of Cyprus. What is certain, finally, in the whole business is that Othello’s mind was perfectly at ease about the appointment, and that he never dreamed of Iago’s being discontented at it, not even when the intrigue was disclosed and he asked himself how he had offended Iago.

2

It is necessary to examine in this manner every statement made by Iago. But it is not necessary to do so in public, and I proceed to the question what impression he made on his friends and acquaintances. In the main there is here no room for doubt. Nothing could be less like Iago than the melodramatic villain so often substituted for him on the stage, a person whom everyone in the theatre knows for a scoundrel at the first glance. Iago, we gather, was a Venetian^[1] soldier, eight-and-twenty years of age, who had seen a good deal of service and had a high reputation for courage. Of his origin we are ignorant, but, unless I am mistaken, he was not of gentle birth or breeding.^[2] He does not strike one as a degraded

↑ See III. iii. 201, V. i. 89 f. The statements are his own, but he has no particular reason for lying. One reason of his disgust at Cassio’s appointment was that Cassio was a Florentine (I. i. 20). When Cassio says (III. i. 42) ‘I never knew a Florentine more kind and honest,’ of course he means, not that Iago is a Florentine, but that he could not be kinder and honester if he were one.
↑ I am here merely recording a general impression. There is no specific evidence, unless we take Cassio’s language in his drink (II. 11. 105 f.) to imply that Iago was not a ‘man of quality’ like himself. I do not know if it has been observed that Iago uses more nautical phrases and metaphors than is at all usual with Shakespeare’s characters. This might naturally be explained by his roving military life, but it is curious that almost all the examples occur in the earlier scenes (see e.g. I. i. 30, 153, 157; I. ii. 17, 50; I. iii. 343; II. iii. 65), so that the use of these phrases and metaphors may not be characteristic of Iago but symptomatic of a particular state of Shakespeare’s mind.

[1] See III. iii. 201, V. i. 89 f. The statements are his own, but he has no particular reason for lying. One reason of his disgust at Cassio’s appointment was that Cassio was a Florentine (I. i. 20). When Cassio says (III. i. 42) ‘I never knew a Florentine more kind and honest,’ of course he means, not that Iago is a Florentine, but that he could not be kinder and honester if he were one.

[2] I am here merely recording a general impression. There is no specific evidence, unless we take Cassio’s language in his drink (II. 11. 105 f.) to imply that Iago was not a ‘man of quality’ like himself. I do not know if it has been observed that Iago uses more nautical phrases and metaphors than is at all usual with Shakespeare’s characters. This might naturally be explained by his roving military life, but it is curious that almost all the examples occur in the earlier scenes (see e.g. I. i. 30, 153, 157; I. ii. 17, 50; I. iii. 343; II. iii. 65), so that the use of these phrases and metaphors may not be characteristic of Iago but symptomatic of a particular state of Shakespeare’s mind.

[1]

[2]