two back hands he holds the hook and the noose and in the front arms an elephant's tusk and the wood-apple. Instead of the two last we may sometimes find the boon-conferring posture and the water-pot. According to the Kasyapa-Silpa the noose may alternate with the rosary or a serpent. The illustration from Lēpākshi (fig. 107) shows the left lower hand of Ganēsa resting on his thigh. His elephant trunk is curved out in the act of picking up the wood-apple or, sometimes, the pudding. His pot-belly is girded round by a serpent and the sacred thread, which is also a serpent, hangs across the body from over his left shoulder. In the seated posture Ganēsa is represented with one leg hanging from the pedestal and placed on a foot-stool and the other resting on the pedestal. The right tusk of the god is broken and must in no case be shown complete. [1] He rides on a rat or bandicoot. His image may be made standing (fig. 108), seated (fig. 109) or dancing (fig. 110).[2] In the first position the general bend of the body known as ābhanga or samabhanga may optionally be adopted. While seated, the body is to be slightly bent to the left. Over his head Ganēsa wears the jewelled crown (kiritamakuta) and his hands and legs are fully ornamented.
Ganapati is a very important deity in the Hindu Pantheon. [3] Supposed to be the lord of obstacles (Vighnēsvara) he is worshipped by all classes of Hindus, other than Srī-Vaishnavas, at the commencement of every religious ceremony, whether auspicious or inauspicious. A sect of Brahmanas called Gānāpatyas, found mostly on the West Coast, worship him as the highest of the gods. As in the case of Vishnu and Siva he is
off and placed on the trunk. The figure came back to life and Siva accepting that as his first-born child, blessed him and made him the leader (pati) of the Saiva hosts (ganas). People still believe that it is not right to sleep with one's head placed northward. The Brahmavaivarta-Purāna gives a different account and makes Vishnu responsible for the change in Ganapati's head.</ref> and ears and four arms. In the
- ↑ In the Sukranitisāra it is stated that his left (vāma) tusk is broken, that his vehicle may be any animal which he chooses and that his trunk holds a lotus.
- ↑ The dancing figure of Ganēsa from Gangaikondasōlapuram has its upper left hand lifted up instead of showing the noose or the rosary.
- ↑ Babu Nagendra Natha Vasu in his Mayurabhanja states that Vināyaka is worshipped even by the Buddhists, the Japanese calling him Binayakia. He refers to a temple of Ganēsa in Nepal which is supposed to have been built by a daughter of the Maurya king Asōka in the third century B.C. Dr. Bhandarkar ( Vaishnavism, Saivism, etc., p. 147 f.) gives the sixth century to be the earliest date when Ganapati as the elephant-headed god, came to be generally worshipped by the Hindus.
