RELIGION
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Town
Population
Town
Population
Madrid
470,283
Pal ma (Baleares)
60,514
Barcelona .
272,481 j
Lorca
58,327
Valencia .
170,763
Valladolid
62,018
Sevilla
143,182
Cordoba .
55,614
Malaga
134,016
Bilbao .
50,772
Miircia
98,538
Oviedo
42,716 1
Zaragojca .
92,407 J
Santander
41,829 '
Granada
73,006
Alicante .
39.638
Oarthagena
84,171
Ahneria .
37,241
Cadiz .
62,531
Coruna
36,200
. Jeres de la Fron-
Burgos
31,301;
tera
61,708
1
Statistics published by the Instituto Geographico y Estadlstico of Spain show that the population according to occupation in 1889 was as follows: — Agricultural, 4,854,742; industrial (textile and mineral), 243,867; com- mercial, 194,755; arts and trades, 823,310; domestic servants, 409,549; merchant marine, 115,764; professional (legal, medical, kc), 84,510; publiij employees, 97,257; asylum inmates, &c., 91,226; religious (Catholic), 72,077; private and railway employees, 49,565; teachers, &c., 39,136; leisure classes, 29,918; hotel keepers, &c., 14,449; pupils at schools and college.', 1,719,955; not stated, 8,728,519; total, 17,568,599.
In 1895, according to official statistics, 145,384 men, 11,879 women, and 9,006 children, in all 166,269 persons emigrated from Spain. Emigra- tion from Spain is chiefly to Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina,
Religion.
The national Church of Spain is the Roman Catholic, and the whole population of the Kingdom adhere to that faith, except (in 1887) 6,654 Protestants, 402 Jews, 9,645 Rationalists, 510 of other religions, and 13,175 of religion not stated. There were in 1884 in Spain 32,435 priests in the 62 dioceses into which the country is divided; 1,684 monks resident in 161 monastic houses, and 14,592 nuns in 1,027 convents. The number of cathedrals was 65, of religious colleges 30, of churches 18,564, and of con- vents, religious houses, sanctuaries, and other buildings of a religious charactrr 11,202. According to Article 12 of the Constitution of 1876, a restricted liberty of worship is allowed to Protestants, but it has to be entirely in private, all public announcements of the same being strictly forladden. The Constitution likewise enacts that 'the nation binds itself to maintain the worship and ministers of the Roman Catholic religion.' Resolutions of former legislative bodies, not repealed in the Constitution of 1876, settled that the clergy of the Established Church are to be maintained by the State. On the other hand, by two decrees of the Cortes, passed July 23, 1835, and March 9, 1836, all conventual establishments were suppressed, and their property confiscated for the benefit of the nation. These decrees gave rise to a long dispute with the head of the Roman Catholic Church, which ended in the sovereign pontiff conceding the i)rinciple of the measure. By a concordat with Rome concluded in August 1859, the Spanish Government was authorised to sell the whole ecclesiastical property, except churches and parsonages, in return for an equal amount of untransferable public debt certificates bearing interest at the rate of 3 per cent.
