24 i
THE BRITISH EMPIRE
CANADA
The numbers of the leading denominations in the provinces, 1911 :-
Province
Roman Catholic
Church of England
Presby- terian
524,603
Methodist
Baptist 1
Ontario
484,997
489,704
671,727
132,809
Quebec
1,724,683
102,684
64,125
42,444
9,255
Nova Scotia
144,991
75,315
109,560
57,606
83,854
New Brunswick
144,889
42,864
39,207
34,558
82,106
Manitoba .
73,994
86,578
103,621
65,897
13,992
British Columbia
58,397
100,952
82,125
52,132
17,228
Prince Edward Island .
41,994
4,939
27,509
12,209
5,372
Alberta
62,193
55,628
66,351
61,844
19,491
Saskatchewan
90,092
75,342
96,564
78,325
18,371
The Territories .
6,811
9,011
1,659
3,150
188
1 Not including 32,600 Tunkers and Mennonites.
Instruction.
Each j)roviuce has one or more universities (20 in all, with about 500 professors and teachers, and 10,000 students), and several colleges. There are in all about 20 degree-granting bodies in the Dominion, with about 40 colleges ; estimated attendance, 25,000.
Information respecting the public, high, and superior schools : —
Provinces
Year Ended
Schools
Teachers
Pupils
Expendi- ture
Dollars
Ontario ....
Dec, 1910
6,575
11,873
514,774
10,979,268
Quebec ....
June, 1911
6,890
13,238
397,060
6,224,146
Nova Scotia
July, 1911
2,657
2,855
104.994
1.329,674
New Brunswick .
June, 1911
1,186
1,991
69,327
286,2751
Manitoba ....
Dec, 1910
2,227
2,774
76,247
4,000,671
British Columbia
June, 1911
533
1,163
44,945
2,641,522
P. E. Island
June, 1911
478
591
17,397
181,177
Alberta ....
Dec, 1910
1,195
1,610
55,307
3,362,394
Saskatchewan .
Dec, 1910
1,925
2,726
65,382
3,655,428
1 Government and County fund expenditure only.
The Provincial Governments have control of education ; the systems are all based on the principle of free education, the funds being supplied in nearly all the provinces by Government grants and local taxation. Education is more or less compulsory, but the law is not very strictly enforced. In Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, and Saskatchewan there arc separate schools for Roman Catholics ; in the other provinces the schools are unsectarian.
Justice and Crime.
There is a Supreme Court in Ottawa, having appellate, civil and criminal jurisdiction in and throughout Canada. There is an exchequer court, which is also a colonial court of admiralty, with powers as provided in the
