862
GERMAN EMPIRE
Religion.
The Constitutiou provides for entire liberty of conscience and for complete social equality among all religious confessions. The relation between Church and State varies in different parts of the Empire, The Jesuit order is inter- dicted in all parts of Germany, and all convents and religious orders, except those engaged in nursing the sick and purely contemplative orders, have been suppressed. There are 5 Roman Catholic archbishoprics, 14 suffragan bishoprics, and 6 bishoprics immediately subject to Rome ; there are 3 apostolic vicariates. The ' Old Catholics ' have a bishop at Bonn.
The following are the results of three religious censuses : —
Creed
Protestants Catholics . Other Christians Jews . Others and un-
I 1900
135,231,104
|20,327,913
' 203,793
586,833
Per Ct. of Pop.
62-5
36 1
0-4
1-0
1905
37,646,852
22,109,644
259,717
607,862
I Per Ct. of Pop.
62-1 36-5
0-4
1-0
1910
39,991,421
23,821,453
283,946
615,021
classified
17,535 0-03 j 17,203 0-03 | 214,152
Per Ct. of Pop.
61-6 36-7
0-4
1-0
0-3
Roman Catholics in 1905 were in the majority in only three of the German states, Alsace-Lorraine, Bavaria, Baden ; and formed more than 20 per cent, of the population in only four others, Oldenburg, Wiirttemburg, Hesse, Prussia.
Instruction.
Education is general and compulsory throughout Germany. The laws ui Prussia, which provide for the establishment of elementary schools ( Volb^- schuhn), supported from the local rates, in every town and village, and compel all parents to send their children to these or other schools, ha\e been adopted, with slight modifications, in all the States of the Empire. The school age is from six to fourteen.
The following table shows for the different German States the number of elementary public schools, the teachers employed in them and children attending them, according to a school census taken in 1911 : —
States
Prussia
Bavaria
Saxony
WUrttemberg
Baden
Hesse
Mecklenb. -Sch.
Grand Duchy of Saxony
Mecklenb. -Str.
Oldenburg
Brunswick
Saxe-Meiningen
8axo-Altcnburg
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha .
Anhalt
Teachers
Schools
Pupils
38,684
7,566
2,270
2,250
1,659
981
1,235
476
231
709
439
310
217
242
23S
Males
91,643
13,521
13,385
5,279
4,668
3,246
1,981
1,105
360
1,211
1,348
785
541
698
614
Females
Males
Females
24,660
3,292,877
3,279,263
4,831
521,662
520,014 I
710
378,571
392,532 1
784
170,239
180,701 1
957
166,286
168,978
542
102,563
102,995 i
1,121
48,131
44,530
76
32522
33,124
28
7,807
7,890
246
41,560
40,774 -
246
40,321
38,712 1
118
24,369
24,554
50
18,475
18,9.-3
142
21,072
21,405
294
19,920
20,951 ,
6,572,140
1,041,670
771,103
350,940
335,261
205,558
92,6tn
65,646
15,697
82,334
79,033
48,928
37,458
42,477
40,871
