SHIPPING, ETC. — INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS 1051
Total trade betweeu Japan aud U.K. for 5 years in thousands of pounds sterling : —
— Itlf 1918 1919
19M
Imports frivu Japan to U.K. . 12,498 l',,20S 23,871 -.'3,871 Exports to Japan from U.K. 7.4S 18,918
26,185
Shipping and Navigation.
Shipping movements at Japanese ports for 2 years : —
Entered
Cleared
1918
1919
ieis
19!'.'
Steam Sailing
Tom No. Tom
17,771,848 ;.i,173 10,091
494 BM 80,803 545
Tods 18,311,147 12,469 23,038,227 80,910
Total. . 10,37', 17,843,878 12.09 22,823,470 10.63r 13.0<i4 23.120,Sni
Of the total steamships entered in 1919, 838 vessels of 3,566,280 ton- were British : 238 of 293,411 tons Russian ; 39 of 71,785 tons Norwegian ; 356 of 1,206,506 tons American ; 27 of 175,412 tons French ; and 10,643 ot 16,781,321 tons were Japanese.
On September 30, 1919, the merchant navy (without Formosa) consisted of 2,838 steamers of 2,694,804 tons gross ; 13,505 sailing vessels of European style, of 930,534 tons ; and 939 sailing vessels of Japanese style, of 300,067 koku. The Japanese Government subsidises shipping companies for foreign trade, and now Japanese vessels run on four great routes to Europe, North America, South America, and Australia. There are also lines plying between Japanese ports and Korea, Northern China, and nine ports on the Yaugtse-Kiang.
Internal Communications.
The following table givea the railway statistics (including, except revenue and expenditure, Formosa) for 1919 : —
State Railways
Railways owned by Private Companies
Total
Length in miles Gross income, yen Expenditure, yen Goods carried, tons . Passengers, number .
6,072 17,896
53,313,720 888,001,584
1,941 21,141,861 15,548,78* 10,474,628
86,987,670
8,014 264,689,150 3U,fe3,976
63,788,242 375,049,864
It has been decided to make the standard gauge 4 85 feet. The work is expected to be completed in 1943, and the cost estimated at 1,408,000,000 yen. Japan has been conceded by China the right to build five railway lines in Manchuria and Mongolia. A railway tunnel under the Moji-Shimonoseki Straits was commenced in 1920 and is expected to be com-
?leted in 1928. The tunnel will connect the island of Kiushu with Honshu, he whole length of the tunnel will be 7 miles, of which one mile will be completely under the sea.
