1114
NETHERLANDS
-DUTCH EAST INDIES
The population of the six principal towns of Java was in 1918 :-
Chinese, Arabs
—
Europeans
Natives
and other Orientals
Total
Batavia
24,000
180.140 1
30,557*
234,697
Samarang
8,875
77,911
20,066
106,852
Soerabaya
15-20,000
115,817
24,984
160,801
Soerakarta
2,000
128,382
7,500
187,882
Djokjorkarta.
3,396
88,736
4,926
97,058
Bandoeng
8,245
43,453
6,951
58,649
1 Figures for 1917. The whole population of the colony is legally divided into Europeans and persons assimilated with them, and natives and persons assimilated with these. The former generally live under the same laws as the inhabi- tants of the mother-country, while in the government of the latter the Indian customs and institutions are considered. The Governor-General, however, is, in agreement with the Council, authorised to make individual exceptions to this rule.
Religion.
Entire liberty is granted to all religious denominations. The Reformed Clmrch counted, in 1920, 37 ministers and 30 assistants, the Roman Catholic 31 curates and 82 priests, not salaried out of the public funds. In 1920, about 559 missionaries of various societies were at work.
The bulk of the natives are Mohamedans ; there are also some millions of converted Christians and Animists, and a small number of Buddhists.
Instruction.
There are public (Government) primary schools, where instruction is given through the medium of the Dutch language, for (1) Europeans and persons assimilated with them (a 7 years' course) ; (2) Chinese ('Dutch-Chinese schools,' with a 7 years' course); and (3) Natives (' Dutch-Native schools,' with a 7 years' course). Public schools where instruction is given through the medium of a native tongue are (1) the ' second class ' schools (with a 3, 4, or 5 years' course) ; and (2) 'Desa schools' (with a 3 years' course of extremely elementary instruction). Besides, there are schools with an extended primary instruction (in the Dutch language) with a 3 years' course, open to all, without distinction of race. Side by side with the public schools, there are various private schools.
For secondary education there are public secondary schools. In addition to the Govern- ment institutions there are private secondary schools for girls with a 3 years' course. Higher education is given at the Technical High School at Bandoeng, erected in 1920.
The following table shows the number of schools, the school attendance, the teaching staff, and the expenditure on education in 1920:—
Schools
Number , ^Jj?* Pupil.
Cost (in florins)
Public European primary schools
Publio Dutch-Chinese ,', Private „ „ ,, Public Dutch-Native,, „
I'.'O 58 88 11
141
SCO
Bit
204
56
883
■J7,31o 9,189 7,461 1,551
28,080
I 11,019,999
Private ,, ,, ,, Public second-class for Natives Private schools for Natives Desa-sohools . . . . Publio Mulo-schools Private ,, ,, . . . Public secondary schools Private ,, ,,
43
1,755
2,677
6,058
15
4
6
5
198 6,759 3,701
114 18
179 64
6,186
232,313
123,535
357,688
2,129
214
2,463
263
0,444,236 850,000
1,799,000
1.033,880 61,000
1,902,087 102,900