120 THE BRITISH EMPIRE: — INDIA AND DEPENDENCIES
was 6,630,000?., excluding extraordinary and debt expenditure of 5,253, 0007. By the Local Self-Government Acts of 1883-84, the elective principle was extended, in a large or small measure, all over India. In all larger towns, and in many of the smaller towns, the majority of members of committees are elected by the ratepayers ; everywhere the majority of town committees consists of Indians, and in many committees all the members are Indians. In many municipalities women have the right to vote, and in a few they are eligible for election. For rural tracts, except in Burma, there were 739 district and sub-district Boards, and 535 Union Panchnyats in Madras, 281 Union Committees in Bengal, and 38 in Bihar and Orissa, with 17,592 members in 1918-19, 7,144 being elected. These Boards are in charge of roads, district schools, markets, public health institutions, &c. Their aggregate income in 1918-19, excluding debt items, was 5,770,000/., and expenditure (excluding debt items), 5,134,000*.
Area and Population.
I. Progress and Present Position of the Population. The population in the following table is in millions and two decimals.
British Territory,
Year
1861 1871 1881
Area in sq. mis.
856,000 860,000 875,186
Population
(millions*)
196-00 195 84 199 20
Year
Area in aq. mis.
1891 | 964,993 1901 1,097,901 1911 1,093,074
Population (millions)
221-38 231-61 244-27
Following are the leading details of the census of March 15, 1901, and that of March 10, 1911 : —
British Provinces
Ajmer-Merwara
Andamans and Nicobars
Assam
Baluchistan
Bengal
Bihar and Orissa
Bihar .
Orissa.
Cbota Nagpur . Bombay (Presidency)
Bombay
Sind .
Aden . Burma
Central Provinces and Beritr
Central Provinces
Berar . Coorg Madras
Area in
square miles
(1911)
2,711
8,148
53,015
54,228
78,699
83,181
42,861
18,743
27,077
123,059
78,998
46,986
80
230,839
99,828
82,037
17,766
1,582
142,380
Population in 1011
501,395
26,459
6,713,635
414,412
45,483,077
84,490,184
28,762,969
5,181,753
5. 605,302
19,672,648
16,113,042
8,513,485
46,106
12,115,217
18,910,808
10,869.146
8,067,162
174,976
41,405,404
Population in 1901
11,971,452
9,217,486
2,764,016
180,607
88,229,654
Increase or Decrease 1901-1911
+ 24,488
+ 1,810
+ 871,757
+ 32,806
+ 8,841.600
+ 1,247,801
+ 892,757
+ 140,611
! 70t,tM
i l,Ua,8M
+ 80S, 270
+■ 302,556
+ 9,191
+ 1,624,698
+ 1,944,856
+ 1,641,710
+ 803,146
- 5,031
+ 3,175,750
Pop. \,tr
sq. mile
1911
185 8 127 S 578 416 561 873 207 160 21 o
ll
577 .VJ
139
178
111 291
