PROTECTORATE Of SOUTH-WEST AFRICA BM
value of the trade between the Orange Free State Province and the United
Kingdom : —
hni»orts consigned from Orange Free State
Exports to Orange Free State : United Kingdom produce . Foreign and Colonial produce .
1913 (pie- war)
1917
1918
1919
| 19201
4
£
£
£
- »
-
999
-
-
667,371 35,644
382,703 8,815
463,319 10,337
906,008
910,000 42,000
1 Provisional figures
The more important exports (British produce) from the United Kingdom in 1919 were : — Cottons, 58,040/. ; woollens, 48,332/. ; iron and steel manu- factures, 9,381/. ; apparel, 57,509/.; leather boots and shoes, 8,549/.
The money, weights, and measures are English. The land measure, the Morgen, is equal to about 2^ acres.
Statistical and other Books of Reference.
Correspondence, Reports, Despatches Proclamations, Ac, relating to the Orange Free State and Orange River Colony. Loudon, 1S99-1901.
Keaae (A. H.), Africa. Vol. II. London, 190S.
NorrifNewman(C . L.), With the Boers in taeTransvaal and Orange Free State. London 1S82.
On the Heels of de Wet. By the Intelligence Officer. London, 1902.
Sandeman(E. F.), Eight Months in an Ox-Wagon. London, 1S80.
Trollope (Anthony), South Africa. 2 vols. London, 1878.
W*ber( Ernest de), Qnatre ans au pavs des Boers. Paris, 1S82.
Wet (Chr. R. de), Three Years' War(1899-1902). London, 1902.
PROTECTORATE OF SOUTH-WEST AFRICA.
This Protectorate is bounded on the north by Portuguese West Africa, Angola, and Rhodesia ; on the east by Rhodesia and the Kalahari Desert (Cape Province) ; on the south by the Cape Province ; and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. The country was captured from the Germans in July, 1915, by South African forces, and the Union of South Africa now administers the territory under a mandate from the League of Nations, dated December 17, 1920. Under this mandate the laws of the Union, subject to local modifica- tions as necessary, may be applied to the Protectorate. The military train- ing of the natives, except for local police or defence purposes, is prohibited, and no naval or military base or any fortifications may be established.
The whole southern part and much of the east is barren and desert. There have been extensive boring operations for water, in many cases successful. Area 322,400 square miles. European population, 1913, 14,830(1,799 British and 12,292 German) ; but although 6,350 Germans were deported during 1919, the European population in 1919 is estimated at 16,000 to 17,000. The new-comers are mostly South Africans in search of farms. Twenty-two British schools have been established with 925 pupils. The native popula- tion is estimated at 90,000, exclusive of Ovamboland in the north, where there are probably 100,000 Ovambos.
The principal native races in the Protectorate are the Hereros, Ovambos, Bastards, Bergdamaras, Hottentots and Bushmen. The Hereros are a pastoral people, who formerly owned vast herds of cattle ; but as a result of the native wars their numbers were reduced by about 75 per cent., and their cattle either destroyed or seized. Since the British occupation they have again acquired a number of stock, and their numbers have increased con-
