PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY 375
The principal fruit-culture of the State is that of the orange. There were in June, 1919, 27,597 acres under citrus fruit, with an estimated pro- duction of 990,901 bushels of orange-, 222,612 bushels of lemons, 397,775 bushels of mandarins, and 8,058 bushels of other citrus fruit.
At June 30, 1919, the State had 37,381,874 sheep, 3,280,676 cattle, 722,723 horses, and 294,648 pigs. The production of wool as in the grease was in the year ended June 30, 1919, 305,613,000 lbs. In the same year the production of tallow was 483,060 cwt. ; butter, 66,008,958 lbs. ; cheese, 5,982,120 lbs.; bacon and hams, 16,801,666 lbs.
There were 139,501 persons employed permanently in rural occupations during the year ended June 30, 1919.
There is a Forestry Commission. The total area of Crown lands as State forests amounts to 5,085,050 acres. The revenue from royalties, licences, kc, amounted in the year ended June 30, 1916, to 68,107/. : in 1917 to 67,273*.; in 1918 to 70,969*. ; in 1919 to 97,592/.; and in 1920 to 147,040/. There were 427 licensed sawmills, the employees numbering 4,892. The output of native timber was valu< d at 1,277,032/.
II. Mines and Minerals.
Gold is found in all parts of New South "Wales. The total production since its discovery in 1851 down to and including 1919 was 14,748,637 oz. fine, valued at 62,648,187/. The production in 1919 was 65,839 oz. fine, valued at 279,666/. Most of the gold won in the State is received at the Sydney Mint for coinage.
The value of silverand silver-lead and ore obtained to the end of 1919 was 82,135,425/. In 1919, 1,232,710 ounces of silver were raised, valued at 292, 838/., and 77,989 tons of silver-lead ore concentrates, &c, altogether valued at 1,030,825/. 1,460 tons of copper were produced in 1919, valued at 139,296/. The estimated value of copper raised from its discovery in 1858 until the end of 1919 is 15,128,100/. The total value of the output of tin since the mines were opened in 1872 has been 11,928,503/., the value in 1919 being 416,623/. for 2,692 tons. In 1919 there were 134 coal mines, employing 18,041 men ; the quantity of coal raised in 1919 was 8,631,554 tons, valued at 5,422,846/. The estimated value of coal raised to the close of 1919 amounted to 98,144,266/. During 1919, 7 shale mines were in operation, 137 miners raising 25,453 tons of oil shale valued at 37,968/., making the total value of production to end of 1919, 2,502,814/. In 1919, 424,773 tons of coke were manufactured, valued at 550,127/. In 1919 there were 25 smelting works and ore-dressing establishments giving permanent employ- ment to 3,163 persons, principally for the smelting of silver, tin, and copper ores. The output of zinc (metal and concentrates) in 1919 was 72,294 tons, valued at 247,395/. ; and of lead, 11,497 tons, valued at 324,215/. Other minerals, kc, produced in 1919 were : iron, 80,941 tons, valued at 445,175/.; lime, 31,473 tons, 57,411/.; wolfram, 135 tons, 22,818/. ; Portland cement, 379,896/. The aggregate value of the mineral products of N.S.W. to the end of 1919 is 310,408,921/.
