VIRGINIA 623
The forests of the State provide material for extensive timber and lumber trade, and flourishing wood pulp manufacture. Other industries are flour- milling, foundry and machine-shop work and the manufacture of hosiery and other woollen goods. According to the returns of the Federal census of manufactures in 1914, there were in Vermont 1,792 manufacturing establish- ments with an aggregate capital of 79,847,000 dollars, paying wages to the annual amount of 18,617,000 dollars, using raw material costing 42,706,000 dollars, and giving an output valued at 76,991,000 dollars.
The statistics of the more important industries in 1910 are given in Thi Statesman's Ykar-Book for 1916, p. 622.
The marble quarries, first opened in 1785, produce half of the marble of the United States. There are also granite quarries ; slate and fibrous talc are likewise found. Metals occur only in small quantities.
There are (1917) 1,055 miles of railway in the State chiefly managed by the Central Vermont, Boston and Maine, and the Rutland. There are also electric railways with 102 miles of track. The lakes, rivers, and canals are also used for traffic with other States and with Canada.
On June 30, 1920, there were 20 mutual savings banks and 38 savings banks and trust companies in the State with 224,849 depositors, having to their credit 114,090,404 dollars, being 493 63 dollars to each depositor.
Books of Reference.
The Reports of the various Executive Departments of the State.
Collins (E. D.), History of Vermont. 2nd ed. Boston, 1916.
Conant (Edward), Geography, History and CiTil Government of Vermont. Rutland, 1890.
Crockett (W. H.), Vermont : Iti Resource* and Opportunities. Rutland, 1916.
Hall (B. H.). History of Eastern Vermont. New York, 1858.
Robinson (Rowland E.), Vermont, a Study of Independence. Boston, 1892
Thompson (Z.), History of Vermont. Burlington, 1853.
Wood (F. A), History of Taxation in Vermont. New Tork, 1894.— Finance* ©f Vermont. New York, 1913.
VIRGINIA.
Constitution and Government.— The first English Charter for settle- ments in America was that granted by James I. in 1806 for the planting of colonies in Virginia. The State was one of the thirteen original States in the Union. On the outbreak of the civil war in 1861, Virginia, after long hesitation, decided to join the seceding States a course objected to by the western portion of the State, which in 1863 was admitted into the Union as West Virginia.
The General Assembly consists of a Senate and a House of Delegates, the former containing not more than 40 nor less than 33 members and the latter not more than 100 nor less than 90. Senators are elected for 4 years. The Senate contains 40 members. The House of Delegates contains 100 members, elected for 2 years. Qualified as electors are (with few ex- ceptions) all citizens 21 years of age, resident in the State for 2 years and in the county, city, town, or precinct for which the election is held for 30 days, who have paid their State poll-taxes and registered.
The State sends to the Federal Congress 2 Senators and 1 Representatives.
Governor.— Westmoreland Davis, 1918-1922 (5,000 dollars).
Secretary of the Commonwealth. — B. O. James.
The State Capital is Richmond.
Area, Population, Instruction.— Area, 42,627 square miles, of
