718
BRAZIL
the outstanding loans, as follows :— loan of 1883 (4,590,6002.), 2,713,1002. ; loan of 1888 (6,297, 300*.), 4,173,1002. ; loan of 1889 (19,837,5002.), 17,466,3002.; loan of 1895 (7,442,0002.), 6,925,0002,; funding loan of 1898 (8,613,7172.),, 8,605,9372. ; loan of 1901 (16,619,3202), 12,261,5402. ; loan of 1903 (8,500,0002.), 7,698,0002.; loan of 1908 (4,000,0002.), 1,839,4002. ; loan of 1910 (10,000,0002.), 9,767,5002. ; loan of 1911 (4,500,0002.), 4,042,9002. ; Para railway loan, 1911 (2,400,0002.), 2,400,0002. ; Braschan Lloyd, 1906-10 (2,100,0002.), 1,210,5002. ; loan of 1913 (11,000,0002.), 11,000,0002. ; funding loan of 1914 (13,785,7562.), 13,785,7562. The consolidated internal debt amounted (December 31, 1919) to 1,042,250,600 milreis. The currency in circulation amounted to 1,729,061,000 milreis ; the conversion fund to 20,922,410 milreis gold ; the guarantee fund to 48,391,020 milreis gold; and unredeemed bills and notes to 14,632,500 milreis gold and paper. On December 31, 1919, the total currency was 1,749,974,000 milreis.
The internal and foreign debt of each of the States of Brazil for 1919 was as follows : —
State
Internal Debt
Foreign Debt
State
Internal Debt
Foreign Debt
&
£
£
£
Alag6as
600
500,000
j Parana
15,150
2,334,625
Amazunas .
34,583
6,955,420
- Pernambuco .
20,466
3,669,322
Bahia
37,668
5,254,933
j Piauhy
516
—
Ceara
2,864
570,600
Rio de Janeiro
22,779
4,936,500
Espirito Santo
6,808
1,752,618
| Rio Grande do Norte
760
394,006
Federal District .
129,225
15,139,280
Rio Grande do Sul .
37,172
—
Goyaz
—
—
Santa Catharina
4,780
2,512,S69
Maranliao .
2,546
715,436
jSao Paulo
76,297
«,132,037
Matto Grosso
1,820
—
Sergipe
8,S85
—
MinaB Oeraes
60,141
7,401,220 2,932,774
Total .
27,170,709
Para
7,773
61,201,540
Parahyha
—
—
To this must be added the debts of the municipalities, amounting to 11,229,5732. The total indebtedness of Brazil is thus 276,575,1782., made up as follows : — Federal foreign debt, 116,169,5712. ; Federal internal debt, 60,803,7852. ; foreign debts of States, 61,201,5402. ; internal debts of States, 27,170,7092. ; debts of municipalities, 11,229,5732.
On July 24, 1912, a bill was introduced into the Senate, making it necessary for the States to obtain the Federal authorization before contracting any loans.
Defence.
Under the military law of January, 1908, reformed in 1915, military ser- vice is obligatory on every Brazilian from 21 years of age to 44. The terms of service are 9 years in the army ' first line ' (1 or 2 in the ranks, the rest in the reserve), and 14 years in the 'army second line' (7 in the National Guard and 7 in the reserve of the same). The reservists are called up for training annually for 4 weeks, besides which there is rifle practice once a month. The men in the territorial army also have an annual train- ing of 2 to 4 weeks. The army consists of 13 regiments of infantry each of 3 battalions, and 21 battalions of rifles, of 15 regiments of cavalry of 4 squadrons, 10 regiments of field artillery of 6 batteries each with 4 guns, ii horse artillery batteries, 5 howitzer groups of 2 batteries, 6 mountain batteries, 5 battalions of engineers, 1 railway battery, 27 batteries coast artillery, 3 companies of independent infantry, and 10 companies of machine
