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188 AGNOLO Leonidas, joint king with Agis, who with a majority of the property holders was opposed to the scheme, was soon after condemned and deposed for having married a foreigner and re- sided in a foreign land. A plot was laid to as- sassinate him, but Agis protected him, and al- lowed him to leave Sparta unhurt. The ephor Agesilaus, who was deeply in debt, procured a decree to abolish all debts, and all acknowledg- ments of debt were publicly burned in the mar- ket place ; but while Agis was absent in com- mand of an army against the ^Etolians, Agesi- laus intrigued successfully against the fulfil- ment of the original design. Leonidas was recalled and reinstated, and Agis fled to a sanctuary. The conservatives, not daring to take his life in a temple, kidnapped him while he stole out to take a bath, and threw him into prison. An impromptu trial was held, and he was hurried to execution. His mother and grandmother shared his fate. AGLAOPHON, a painter of the island of Thasos, flourished about 500 B. C. He was the father and instructor of Polygnotus and Aristophon. There was a later painter of the same name, probably his grandson. AGMEGL'E, or Gagmegne, the proper name of the Mohawks, one of the Five Nations of the Ho- tinonsionni or Iroquois. As a tribe they called themselves Ganniagwari, " the She Bear," whence they were termed by the neighboring Algonquin tribes Mahaqua, a name corrupted by the English into Mohawk. The French joined the Canada tribes against them in 1609 ; but the Dutch made a treaty with them in 1618 at Norman's Kill, which proved lasting, and the English also secured their friendship. Yet French Catholic missionaries won many converts among them, who subsequently contributed to build up their three villages on the St. Law- rence. During the French and English wars they did good service against Canada, but in the revolutionary war the tribe under Brant joined the English and committed great ravages in the American settlements. In 1784 they retired to Grand River, Upper Canada, where they now are. The " Mohawk Radicals " of Bruyas is the fullest published dictionary of their lan- guage, though Marcoux's grammar and dic- tionary are the most complete. Brant trans- lated the " Book of Common Prayer " and a part of the Bible into Mohawk. AGNANO, a lake between Naples and Poz- zuoli, about 60 feet deep. The waters are strongly impregnated with mineral matter, and the lake is probably the crater of an extinct volcano. Tradition says there was formerly a town here, which was destroyed by an earth- quake ; and some antiquaries conjecture that it was the fish pond of Lucullus, who had a villa in the neighborhood. Mosaics and ruins of baths are found. On the shores of the lake are natural sulphur baths (Stufe di San Ger- mano), useful in gout, rheumatism, &c. ; and 100 paces from there is the celebrated Grotta del Cane. (See GBOTTO.) AGNES, Saint, according to ecclesiastical tra- dition, a Christian martyr, of a noble Roman family, beheaded in the persecution of Diocle- tian in 303, at the age of 16. Her uncom- mon beauty had tempted a son of the preetor Symphronius, from whose brutality she was saved by a miracle. He was struck blind, and recovered his sight through her prayers. AGNES SOREL, mistress of Charles VII. of France, born at Fromenteau, Touraine, about 1409, died in 1450. She was introduced at court in 1431, soon captivated the king, though she for some time resisted his advances, and retained her influence to the last. So re- markable was her life and conduct in her pe- culiar position, that for some time she enjoyed the warm friendship of Charles's queen, the virtuous Marie of Anjou. It has been gener- ally asserted that to her was mainly attributa- ble Charles VII.'s recovery from the lethargic despair into which he had fallen, in the hope- less state of public affairs after the English victories of Henry V. and the generals who commanded for his infant son. But her luxury and wealth excited the animosity of the court and the people ; and after her sudden death suspicions were entertained against the dauphin, afterward Louis XL, of having poi- soned her. She had three daughters by the king. A. MM. Maria Gaetana, a learned Italian lady, born in Milan, March 16, 1718, died Jan. 9, 1799. She was the daughter of a professor of mathe- matics at the university of Bologna. From her childhood she spoke Latin with facility, and was also skilled in other dead and living lan- guages. While still very young she was in the habit of maintaining theses at her father's house, 191 of which he collected and published under the title of Propositions Philosophies (Milan, 1738). In 1748 she published her Institvzioni analitiche (2 vols. 4to), an educa- tional work on the higher mathematics, partly translated into French in 1775. In 1750, her father having fallen sick, she was permitted by dispensation of the pope to take his place as lecturer in the university. She ended her life in a convent. MABIA TERESA, sister of the preceding, composed the operas of "Sopho- nisba," "Cyrus in Armenia," and "Nitocris," besides many cantatas. A(i>OKl'.K (Gr. ayvoeZv, to be ignorant of), a sect of heretics in the 4th century, followers of Theophronius of Cappadocia, and another in the 6th, of Theinistius of Alexandria. The former denied the omniscience of God, and the latter held that the union of Christ's human and divine natures did not make his human nature omniscient. AGNOLO, Barrio d', a Florentine architect, born in 1460, died in 1543. His best works are the Villa Borgherini near Florence, and the campanile of the church of the Santo Spirito in that city. He first introduced the use of frontispieces for the windows and doors of private mansions, which before his time had been confined to church architecture.